随着信息技术的高速发展，当今社会对数据的需求量呈爆炸式增长，数据中心的规模和数量不断增加，能耗量也与日俱增，使其节能工作日益受到关注和重视。在数据中心的能耗构成中，冷却系统运行能耗占比较高，具有很大的节能空间。热管复合冷却系统作为一种自然冷却和主动制冷相结合的系统，在实际应用中还存在运行参数设置不合理，运行模式切换机制不清楚等问题，产生这些问题的主要原因是对系统内部运行规律的认识还不够清晰。本文以热管复合冷却系统为研究对象，通过理论分析、优化计算、实验测试和工程实践的方法对其协同运行特性进行分析研究。 提出了热管复合冷却系统在大型数据中心应用的解决方案，通过建立热管复合冷却系统在不同运行模式下的传热约束方程，以能效最高为目标函数利用拉格朗日乘子法解析推导了系统部件功耗和运行参数之间的协同关系，定义了自然冷却和蒸气压缩模式下的协同运行因子，能够用于指导热管复合冷却系统的实际运行优化。 针对热管复合冷却系统复合制冷模式的协同优化问题以及系统在全温度范围内运行模式的切换机制问题建立了改进的遗传算法。计算分析了热管复合冷却系统在全温度区间和全负荷率范围内的协同运行特性。系统运行模式同时受室外环境温度和负荷率的影响，随着负荷率的升高，复合制冷模式的运行温度区间增大，系统能效逐渐下降。根据模拟计算结果分析了热管复合冷却系统在我国五个典型气候区域城市的数据中心应用的节能潜力，并针对现有系统提出了优化设计方法。 在理论研究的基础上，实验研究了热管复合冷却系统蒸发器风量、冷凝器风量以及压缩机频率对系统换热性能和能效的影响，验证了在自然冷却和蒸气压缩模式下系统能效越高，协同运行因子越接近1。实验对比了10kW换热量下遗传算法优化结果与实测结果，其系统能效最大偏差为12.87%，从而验证了算法的准确性。 将热管复合冷却系统与机柜背板和列间空调相结合形成了机柜级和列间级冷却方案，并应用到大型数据中心中。对应用示范进行了能效测试，测试结果显示在夏季、过渡季和冬季的PUE分别为1.29、1.18和1.03。对比测试了协同优化前后系统的节能效果，优化后冷却系统可节能44%以上。

With the rapid development of information technology, the demand for data is increasing explosively in today’s society. The scale and number of data centers are increasing, so as its energy consumption. As a result, more and more attention has been paid to its energy saving. Among the energy consumption components of data center, the energy consumption of cooling system is relatively high, which means it has a large energy saving space. The combined heat pipe cooling system is a kind of cooling system which combines natural cooling and active cooling. This system still has some problmes in practical application, such as unreasonable setting of operating parameters and unclear switching mechanism of operating mode, mainly due to unclear understanding of the internal operating rules of the system. This paper takes the combined heat pipe cooling system as the research object, and studies its synergy operation characteristics by means of theoretical analysis, optimization calculation, experimental test and engineering application. A solution for the application of the combined heat pipe cooling system in large data center is proposed. By establishing the heat transfer constraint equations of the combined heat pipe cooling system in different operating mode, and taking the highest energy efficiency as the objective function, the synergistic relationship between the power consumption of system components and operating parameters is derived analytically by using the Lagrange multiplier method. The synergy operation factors of the natural cooling mode and steam compression mode are defined to guide the practical operation optimization of the combined cooling system. An improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of synergy optimization in combined cooling mode of the combined heat pipe cooling system and the switching mechanism of the system in full temperature range. The operating characteristics of the combined heat pipe cooling system in full temperature range and full load are analyzed. The operating mode of this system is affected by both the outdoor temperature and the load rate. With the increase of the load rate, the operating temperature range of the combined cooling mode increased and the energy efficiency decreased. Based on the simulation results, the energy saving potential of the combined heat pipe cooling system in the data centers of five typical climatic regions in China is analyzed, and the design optimization method of the system is proposed. On the basis of theoretical research, the effects of evaporator air volume, condenser air volume and compressor frequency on the heat transfer performance and energy efficiency of the combined heat pipe cooling system were studied experimentally. It was verified that the higher the energy efficiency of this system was in natural cooling mode and steam compressor mode, the closer the synergy factor was to 1. The deviation between the optimization result of genetic algorithm and the measured result was compared experimentally under the heat transfer capacity of 10kW, and the maximum deviation of the system energy efficiency was 12.87%, thus verifying the accuracy of the algorithm. Using the cabinet backboard and the inter-column air conditioner as the evaporator of the combined heat pipe cooling system forms the cabinet level and row level cooling scheme, and are applied to the large scale data center. The energy efficiency of the application demonstration shows that the PUE is 1.29, 1.18 and 1.03 respectively in summer, transition season and winter. The energy saving effect of the system before and after synergy optimization was tested and compared. The results showed that the optimized cooling system can save energy by more than 44%.