扑翼飞行器已成为国内外飞行器研究学者的研究焦点，迄今为止，全球相关研究机构已发布多款可成功飞行的扑翼飞行器。但就其飞行效率和稳定性而言，与飞鸟相比还有很大差距。扑翼的轻量化设计及其气动性能的优化是提升扑翼飞行器飞行效率的关键，而飞羽是构成鸟类羽翼的主要功能部件，鸟类能够高效飞行，主要得益于其飞羽的轻量化结构和优异的机械性能。我们发现，鸟类的羽毛能够在羽片被撕裂损伤后能实现自恢复，这正是羽毛轻质结构和机械性能完美统一的静态功能体现。本文的研究目标即是通过验证飞鸟羽毛特有的自恢复机能，分析飞羽的微观形态结构，并参数化飞羽结构特征以完成CAD数模重建，进而试制飞羽部分关键结构。论文的主要工作如下：1，选择擅长飞行的鸽子飞羽作为形态结构观测对象，利用场发射扫描电子显微镜对鸽子的主飞羽及其各分支结构进行微观结构形态观察和尺寸量测。通过批量的样本观测，发现从飞羽的羽轴、羽枝到羽小枝，其断面结构、分支方向、卷曲形态都是逐渐变化的。2，选取鸽子、鹦鹉以及绣眼鸟三种飞鸟，分别将其飞羽羽叶进行羽枝分离损伤，近距离观察它们对损伤羽叶的整理修复行为。经过长期的观测统计，证实了三只不同的飞鸟都有修复羽叶损伤的能力，且都通过抖羽和鸟喙梳理来完成。但由于这三类飞鸟的飞羽尺寸和结构强度不同，以及它们抖羽的姿态和频率、用鸟喙梳理羽毛的角度和频率都有差异，它们通过抖羽和鸟喙梳理，对损伤羽叶修复的能力也各不相同。3，基于鸽子的整羽行为模式，对鸽子飞羽进行人工模拟修复实验。从鸽子的角度，找到影响其羽毛修复效果的因素，如羽毛的老化状态、损伤程度、梳羽角度、整羽次数等。再从实验者的角度，分析提高自修复概率的方法。最终为后续的自修复结构设计提供数据准备。4，对鸽子飞羽的研究实验进行深入分析，提取了飞羽的羽轴、羽枝、羽小枝及其连接关系的关键结构要素，通过结构参数化，完成了飞羽的结构CAD数模重建，并3D打印了飞羽的部分关键结构。飞羽的模型创建是后续制作仿真羽毛的基础，仿真羽毛的人工制备对扑翼飞行器的发展具有重要意义。

The flapping-wing aircraft has become the research focus of domestic and foreign aircraft research scholars. So far, various relevant research institutions around the world have released a number of successful flying flutter-wing aircraft. But in terms of flight efficiency and stability, these flapping-wing aircraft still have a big gap compared to flying birds. The lightweight design of the flapping wing and the optimization of its aerodynamic performance are the key to improving the flight efficiency of the flapping wing aircraft. Flying feathers are the main functional components that make up the wings of birds. Birds can fly efficiently, mainly due to the lightweight structure and excellent mechanical properties of flying feathers. We have found that the feathers of birds can achieve self-recovery after the vanes are torn and damaged. This is the static function performance of the feathers which have lightweight structure and excellent mechanical properties. The research goal of this paper is to verify the microscopic structure of the flying feathers by verifying the unique self-recovery function of the flying feathers, and to parameterize the flying feather structure to complete the CAD digital model reconstruction, and then to product some key structures of the flying feathers.The main work of the thesis is as follows:1. The pigeon feathers that are good at flying are selected as the observation objects of the morphological structure. The microscopic structure observation and size measurement of the main flying feathers and their branches of the pigeons are performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Through batch sample observation, it is found that the cross-sectional structure, branch direction and curl shape of the feather plume are gradually changing from the root to the end.2. Pigeons, parrots and white-eye birds were selected as experimental objects. The feather vanes of the three flying birds were damaged by tearing the barbs, and then their repair behavior was closely observed. After long-term observation and statistics, it was confirmed that these three different birds have the ability to repair the damage of the feathers, and all of them are completed by shaking feathers and beak coming. However, due to the different size and structural strength of the flying feathers of these three types of birds, as well as their different attitude and frequency of shaking feathers, and their different angle and frequency of coming with beak, so their ability of repairing feather vanes are also different. 3. Based on the whole feather behavior pattern of the pigeons, an artificial simulation repair experiment is performed on the pigeon feather. From the perspective of the pigeons, factors affecting the healing effect of the damaged feathers were found, such as the aging state of the feathers, the degree of damage, the angle and number of times of combing with beak. From the perspective of the experimenter, the method of improving the probability of self-repair is analyzed. This ultimately provides data preparation for subsequent self-healing structural designs.4. The research experiments was carried out in-depth analysis, and the key structural elements such as feather shaft, barbs, barbules and their connection relationship were extracted. Through structural parameterization, the structural CAD reconstruction of the flying feathers was completed, and some key structures of the flying feathers were 3D printed. The model creation of flying feather is the basis for the subsequent production of simulated feathers. The artificial preparation of simulated feathers is of great significance to the development of flapping-wing aircraft.