由辛亥时期的旅欧教育运动发展而来，在五四时期兴起的留法勤工俭学运动，培养了很多二三十年代中国政坛上的著名人物，其中的杰出代表成为中国共产党建党活动的重要参与者、推动者。留法勤工俭学运动逐步探索到民族独立和人民解放的正确道路，深刻影响了中国革命和现代化的历史进程。 中外学者已对此运动发表不少论著，但近40年来的研究多侧重于留法勤工俭学生抵法后的思想转变和斗争经历，肯定留法勤工俭学运动转向共产主义运动后的光辉历程，而对留法勤工俭学运动发生的社会历史根源及运行机制缺乏系统探究。为此，本文拟从留法勤工俭学运动的历史渊源、国际形势、思想动因、运行机制四个方面展开研究，希望对目前学界研究之不足有所裨益。 本文认为，1906-1916年的旅欧教育及革命实践是留法勤工俭学运动的历史渊源，新世纪派编印书刊、组织留学、组织华工教育、参加辛亥革命等行动，为运动的兴起准备了思想、组织及社会资源条件；第一次世界大战“危机”与中国应对此种危机的举措，为新世纪派参与“以工代兵”计划，成立华法教育会及选送勤工俭学生赴法创造了国际条件；新文化启蒙下各界“救国自强”是主要的思想动机，统领了领导者“爱国济世”的思想内核、支持者“振兴实业”的现实需求、参加者“求学谋生”的朴素愿望；内忧外患时代各界“共推盛举”组成运动的运行机制，主要包括华法教育会的运筹、地方官绅的推动、青年社团的组织、法国各界的支持等方面。

The Chinese Work-Study Movement in France which generated from the Educational Campaign in Europe during the period of the Xinhai Revolution,then exploded in the May Forth Movement,which trained many famous figures in Chinese politics in the 1920s and 1930s,the elite of them become important participants and facilitators of the foundation of the CPC. This movement gradually explored the correct path of national independence and people's liberation and profoundly affected the historical course of China's revolution and modernization. Chinese and foreign scholars have published many works on this movement.However, most studies in the past 40 years have focused on the ideological transformation and struggle experience of the students after they arrived in France, and affirmed the glorious course of the movement after it turned to the communist movement,but have not systematically explored the social and historical roots and operational mechanism of the movement.Therefore,this paper intends to study the historical origin, international situation, ideological motivation and operational mechanism of the movement from the above four aspects, in the hope of providing some benefits for the current academic research. This paper argues that the educational and revolutionary practice in Europe from 1906-1916 is the historical origin of the movement,the “New Century?Group” edited books and periodicals, organized students to study abroad, organized Chinese laborers in France to study after work, and participated in the Xinhai Revolution,These actions prepared the ideological, organizational and social resources for the rise of the Chinese Work-Study Movement in France. The “crisis" of the First World War and China's measures to deal with this crisis created international conditions for the “New Century?Group” to participate in the plan of "replacing soldiers with workers”,establish the Societe Franco-Chinoise d’Education and send work-study students to France. “National salvation and self-improvement” formed under the New Cultural Movement is the main ideological motivation,which has guided the ideological core of the leader's “patriotism and salvation”, the realistic demand of supporters for “industrial revitalization”, and the simple desire of participants for “study and making living”.All walks of life “jointly promote prosperity” in the era of internal troubles and foreign aggression formed the operational mechanism of the movement,It mainly includes the planning of the Societe Franco-Chinoise d’Education, the promotion of local officials and gentry, the organization of youth organizations, and the support from all walks of life in France.