本文尝试以“独立自主话语体系的再建构”为理论线索和历史线索，分析中苏论战的三个基本问题：一，论战核心理念的理论内涵、发展及衍变；二，政治理念的传播方式、技术手段及战略方针；三，核心理念在实践层面的世界史意义。本文采用历史分析、文本分析和档案研究三种方法，对中苏论战的发展过程、内涵及其影响展开批判性分析。借助手稿、外交档案和地方志等史料，本文首先梳理了中苏论战的传播史；其次，本文借助计算机辅助软件对中国共产党“九评”苏共公开信展开文本分析、词云分析、词频和权重统计，归纳了论战核心议题的理论内涵及其衍变；借助手稿、笔记等档案材料，本文总结了论战期间中国的国际传播机制（中央反修文稿起草小组、翻译组、对外广播和理论出版）、特点及其影响，重新挖掘了中苏论战对于20世纪60年代以降的世界革命理论及其实践的历史意义。中苏论战不仅是20世纪共产主义运动最重要的理论斗争，同时也是19世纪以来国际主义挑战民族帝国主义的最后高潮。研究发现，第一，以公开文本、理论斗争和大众传播的特定形式展开的中苏论战，不能仅仅被理解为去历史化的意识形态和权力斗争。从中国经验出发，论战在形式上内在于中国革命的论辩传统，在思想脉络上内在于中国革命者探寻自身发展道路的反帝国主义理论建构；第二，通过论战，中国从马列主义理论内部重新诠释和解读了帝国主义、反帝国主义等基本概念的当代内涵和政治实质，并基于中国社会主义建设的实践，创造性地提出了独特的革命理论体系；第三，论战也是中国对社会主义道路的自我探索。中国共产党人通过精密复杂的人员调动、资源调配和机构重组，建构了一套系统化、组织化和机动性的国际传播机制以及传播策略；第四，独立自主话语体系的想象与建构，不仅为中国社会主义建设的实践开拓和政治发展打下了理论基石，也鼓舞了追求平等政治的世界反霸权运动。本文创新点在于，从国际传播研究的角度重新梳理中苏论战的传播机制和传播策略；从实践历史和理论发展两方面，为理解中国社会政治经济和文化发展的内在动力和历史过程提供理论支撑和实践参照。
Tailing after the theoretical and historical clue of “the reconfiguration of self-reliance autonomy discourse”, this thesis aims to analyze three core questions in the Sino-Soviet debate: first, the theoretical connotation, development and evolution of the core controversies; second, the dissemination paradigm, communication approaches and strategic principles of political ideas; and third, the debate’s practical meaning in world history.By using three methodologies, namely, historical analysis, text analysis and archival studies, the thesis studies the contexts, connotation and political influence of the Sino-Soviet debate. To be specific, it first re-examines manuscripts, diplomatic archives and local chronicles to reconfigure a communication history of the event. By using computer-aided software of word cloud analysis, word frequency and weight statistics, it then outlines the theoretical connotation and its transformation in the “nine open letters”, a kernel of the ten-year political polemics. By mapping the drafting and translation group, international broadcasting and publishing agencies, the thesis thereafter probes the formations and influence of China’s international communication improvision during the debate and rediscovers the historical impact of the debate in the global sixties context.It argues that the Sino-Soviet debate is not only the most important theoretical contestation in the 20th century Communist movement, but also a climax for ideas of internationalism challenging national imperialism since the 19th century. First, considering its inheritance in the argumentative tradition of the Chinese revolution as well as its anti-imperialist theoretical construction, the debate in Chinese context cannot be understood as a de-historicized power struggle; second, China rediscovers Marxist-Leninist revolutionary theories and their political undercurrents in the contemporary context; third, China launched its independent exploration of socialism in the debate by constructing a highly systematic, politically-organized and organic international communication improvision with refined communication strategies; fourth, the reconfiguration of self-reliance autonomy discourse not only lays a theoretical basis for China’s socialist cause, but also inspires the anti-hegemony movements worldwide.The main contribution of this thesis lies in that it revisits the contexts of the Sino-Soviet debate from an international communication scope, thus providing a historical frame for understanding the theoretical engine for China’s contemporary social and cultural construction.
