文化景观是世界遗产体系中相对较新的类型，基础理论研究相对薄弱，在世界遗产名录中数量偏少、地域差距大，世界遗产委员会、国际文化景观学界一直呼吁加强亚洲文化景观理论和类型研究。作为农耕文明时代杰出代表，深化南太湖溇港圩田文化景观研究，不仅对文化景观学科发展、遗产保护事业具有理论价值，而且对当前的生态文明建设、乡村振兴战略、坚定文化自信具有现实价值。论文分为两大部分，分别围绕生态价值和演进机制进行了论述。在第一部分，论文界定了华夏传统农业文化景观概念和内涵，对溇港圩田文化景观价值进行阐述，提出生态价值是溇港圩田文化遗产价值体系的核心，建构“水利-农耕-居住”+“空间-设施-知识”的遗产框架耦合体系。论文分析了溇港圩田的生态效应，测算了其生态系统服务价值，提出其具有耦合、交互、活态、循环四大系统特征，总结了其独特土地利用方式中蕴含的田水共治、微改为宜、地尽其才、精耕细作等传统生态智慧。论文运用空间分析技术和历史地理分析方法，对溇港圩田的景观格局进行了解析，提出溇港圩田具有水网支配下大尺度一体化的结构特征，从水网形态、水地关系、田地比例、供养能力、农作距离、聚落选址、村庄形态等方面解析了其空间特征，并总结了其美学意向。论文基于气象观测资料对溇港地区的人体舒适度和农业气象适应性进行了评价，运用气象模型模拟分析了溇港圩田文化景观的气候生态效应。通过研究，证实了溇港圩田是人和自然互动下对特定生态环境适应性改造、是华夏传统农业文化景观的典型代表，其蕴含着丰富的传统生态文明理念、模式和智慧，具有突出生态价值。在第二部分，论文运用历史地理分析方法，对溇港圩田文化景观的发展过程进行识别，提出其经历了孕育、草创、稳定、分化四个演进阶段，其形成发展受到自然环境、社会经济、科学技术三类驱动力的共同作用，三类驱动力在其演进过程中分别发挥了基础支撑、核心动力、关键保障的作用。论文用景观格局分析评估等方法，提出溇港圩田文化景观面临农业调整、乡村工业、城乡建设等威胁，呈现出系统结构失稳、空间形态变异、生态功能退化的变化趋势，提出应通过产业引导、空间治理、社区参与、机制保障四个层面的协同施策，实现科学保护、有序传承。
As a new type in the world heritage system，cultural landscape heritage has a relatively weak theoretical foundation as well as a relatively small number on the World Heritage List. The World Heritage Committee and the international cultural landscape academic circles keep calling for strengthening the theoretical and typological research of cultural landscape heritage in Asia considering cultural landscape heritages facing quite large geographical gaps worldwide. As a prominent representative of agricultural civilization，the research of Lougang Rivers and Polders will not only contribute theoretical value to the development of cultural landscape subject and heritage protection domain，but also will provide practical value for the construction of eco-civilization，the strategy of rural vitalization and firming cultural self-confidence in China.This thesis divided into two main parts，the thesis discusses about the ecological value and evolution mechanism of Lougang Rivers and Polders. In the first part，the thesis originally puts forward the notion of “Chinese conventional agricultural cultural landscape heritage” and expounds the values of Lougang Rivers and Polders as a cultural landscape heritage. After proposing that eco-value is the core of Lougang heritage value system， a coupled heritage framework of “water conservancy – farming - living” + “space - facility – knowledge” is constructed. The research also puts forward the ecological effect of Lougang Rivers and Polders and measures its ecosystem service value， with four characteristics – coupling，interaction，liveness and circulation – of the ecosystem operation. The conceptual roots are traced while analyzing the traditional ecological wisdom of joint governance and micro-improvement on land and water， intensive cultivation， appropriate scale control，ecological protection from the land utilization of Lougang Rivers and Polders. With spatial analysis techniques and historical-geographical analysis methods used on spatial form and landscape pattern of Lougang Rivers and Polders， the thesis points out that Rivers and Polders has a large-scale integrated structural feature under the control of water network. After analyzing its spatial characteristics from the perspectives of the water network form，field proportion， feeding capacity，farming distance，settlement site and morphology，the research summarizes the aesthetic imagery of Lougang area. At the same time，the research evaluates the body comfort and agrometeorological adaptability based on the meteorological observation data，and applies the meteorological model to carry out a simulation of Lougang’s meteorological ecological effect. Through the research，it is confirmed that Lougang Rivers and Polders is not a simple combination of water conservancy and agricultural engineering. It draws a conclusion that Lougang Rivers and Polders is a typical representative of Chinese conventional agricultural cultural landscape heritage and an outcome of the adaptive transform of the specific ecological environment under the interaction between human and nature. It contains an outstanding ecological value with traditional eco-civilization concepts，models and wisdom.In the second part，historical-geographical analysis method is used to identify the evolution process of Lougang Rivers and Polders，which can be separated into four stages： inoculation，establishment，stability and differentiation. Its formation is affected by three driving forces：natural environment，socio-economy and science innovation，which have played different roles as the basic support，the core power and the key guarantee during the evolution. Last but not least，the thesis applies the landscape pattern analysis and assessment method to dedicate the trend of structural instability，morphological variation and functional replacement in Lougang Rivers and Polders，proposing that the scientific conservation and orderly inheritance can be achieved by the industrial guidance，spatial governance，community participation and mechanism assurance.
