本文通过研究委内瑞拉难民危机的案例，评估当前国际法体系是否能为难民提供充分和有效的保护，并尝试为该体系的完善提出建议。具体而言，本文对委内瑞拉难民从跨越国境到达难民接收国到被授予难民地位后这段期间内在接收国受到保护的情况进行研究，分析委内瑞拉难民在当前国际法律框架下获得保护面临的问题，并以这些问题为切入点，从总体上分析当前国际法律框架在难民保护方面的不足。最后针对每项不足，提出针对性的改进建议。委内瑞拉难民在当前国际法律框架下获得保护经历了两个阶段。在委内瑞拉难民危机初期，主要难民接受国多采取了相对开放的难民政策，积极为难民提供庇护和帮助。然而，随着难民危机的升级和难民的持续大量涌入，主要接收国纷纷改变自己的难民政策，对难民提供越来越有限的保护。委内瑞拉难民获得庇护的难度越来越大，面临的问题包括被拒绝入境、无法正常获得难民身份、基础权利无法获得保障等。此种变化背后的原因并不是国际难民保护法律体系发生变化，而是该体系中存在的问题随着难民数量的增多逐渐显现。通过对委内瑞拉难民受保护的情况进行分析，本文发现当前国际法律体系在难民保护方面存在的问题包括基础性国际公约不完善、主要国际组织缺少足够的影响力和资金来源、缺少国际难民保护责任分担机制等。另外，从难民接收国的角度分析，当前国际法律体系的不足之处在于没有考虑到主要难民接受国在难民保护方面的资源短缺及对国家安全和文化宗教差异的担忧，更没有做出足够的安排应对。基于以上问题，本文提出包括建立国际难民保护责任分担机制等在内的一系列建议，以期完善当前国际难民保护法律体系，帮助世界范围内的难民获得更有效的保护。

The aim of this paper is to assess whether the current international legal framework for refugee protection can provide adequate and effective protection for refugees through carrying out a case study of the Venezuelan refugee crisis, and to try to make recommendations for the improvement of the international legal framework. Specifically, this paper studies how Venezuelan refugees are protected from crossing the borders of their host countries to having been granted refugee status by their host countries, and to analyse what obstacles Venezuelan refugees face when seeking protection in the host countries under the current legal framework. Taking these problems as a starting point, this paper is devoted to analyze the deficiencies of the current international legal framework for refugee protection. Finally, for each deficiency, this paper puts forward targeted suggestions to improve the current framework.Host countries’ protection for Venezuelan refugees can be divided into two stages. In the first stage, which is the beginning of Venezuelan refugee crisis, major host countries adopted relatively open refugee policies and actively provided asylum and assistance to refugees. However, in the second stage, with the escalation of the refugee crisis and the continuous influx of Venezuelan refugees, those countries have changed their refugee policies and provided increasingly limited protection for refugees. As a result, Venezuelan refugees have found it increasingly difficult to obtain asylum, facing problems such as being denied entry, not being able to obtain refugee status, basic rights unguaranteed and so forth. The reason behind the division of these two stages is not that the international legal framework for refugee protection has changed, but that the laten problems existing in the framework have gradually emerged with the increase of the number of refugees. Through the analysis of the situation Venezuelan refugees are faced with, this paper finds that the current international legal framework for refugee protection has problems including basic international conventions’ defectiveness, refugee-related international organizations’ lack of coercive power and stable funding sources, the lack of global responsibility-sharing mechanisms for refugee protection, and the current international framework’s failure to guide host countries to establish corresponding national legal systems for refugee protection. In addition, from the perspective of host countries, the weakness of the current international legal system is that it fails to take into account host countries’ shortage of resources as well as their concerns about national security and cultural and religious differences, let alone make adequate arrangements to deal with them. Based on the above problems, this paper makes targeted recommendations, including but not limited to the establishment of global responsibility-sharing mechanisms, with a view to improving the international legal framework for refugee protection and helping refugees obtain more effective protection.