风险指引型核安全监管体系是指应用确定论与概率论相结合的方式，量化评价核电厂综合安全性能的监督管理手段。风险指引型监管体系是基于以往应用确定论的监管之上，为有效提升核安全监管能力、合理使用监管力量、提高资源利用率、提升监管工作效率而建立的量化评价体系，可以提前识别潜在安全风险、提早处理薄弱环节、指引国家核安全监督管理重点，是我国核电安全监管的发展方向。在各国监管体系中，美国核管理委员会的风险指引型监管程序（ROP）是国际上合理使用监管力量、充分提高核安全监管效率的典范。ROP以美国联邦法规为基础，通过政策文件、管理导则、监督检查手册等文件的发布，确立ROP在美国核安全监管领域的全面应用，并提供有力技术与管理支撑。本文首先介绍NRC及ROP的开发使用背景，然后介绍ROP的总体框架、监管内容、文件体系以及管理流程，针对ROP的不同方面进行展开，分别介绍各个部分的作用和可参考程序及文件。最后，介绍我国核安全监管机构在风险指引型监管体系建立方面的探索，并结合相关技术工具使用情况，提出对我国风险指引型监管体系建立的初步建议，为国家核安全局监管模式转变做好准备。

Risk informed nuclear safety regulatory system refers to the application of deterministic and probabilistic method of combining quantitative evaluation means of supervision and management of comprehensive safety performance of nuclear power plant. Risk informed regulatory system is based on the previous application on Determination of supervision, to effectively improve the nuclear safety regulatory capacity, reasonable use of regulatory power, improve the utilization rate of resources and enhance the efficiency of supervision and the establishment of the evaluation system. It also can advance to identify potential safety risks, early treatment and guidance in the weak link nuclear safety supervision and management of the key, is the direction of development of nuclear power safety supervision in china.In the supervision system of various countries, the risk guidelines for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulatory program (ROP) is the rational use of regulatory power, improve the efficiency of the nuclear safety regulatory model. ROP is based on the code of federal regulations, through policy documents, management guidelines, supervision and inspection manual and other documents issued, the establishment of a comprehensive application of ROP in the United States in the field of nuclear safety regulation, and provide strong technical support and management. This paper first introduces the background of development and application of NRC and ROP, then introduces the overall framework, regulatory content, file system and management process of ROP, and launches in view of different aspects of ROP, respectively, introduces the role of each part and the reference procedures and documents. Finally, the nuclear safety regulatory agencies in China to establish the exploration in risk informed regulatory system, and according to the relevant technical tools, put forward preliminary suggestion for the establishment of China's risk informed regulatory system, ready for the transformation of the national nuclear safety administration supervision mode.