随着自发性公民参与的出现，更具公共价值的政治参与——倡导行动，也成为一种更加具有“日常”参与特征的新公共参与策略。我国公民倡导行动与西方背景的倡导行动有很大差异，主要体现在公民身份的差异和政治机会结构两个维度，草根NGO在这个过程中扮演重要角色。本文采用质性研究方法，通过持续的田野调查，配合参与式观察和深度访谈，选择弱势社群（残障社群）的日常倡导行动作为研究对象，“深描”日常公民倡导行动策略形成的过程和具体机制。同时，从中国经验材料体现的倡导策略复杂性，对转型国家管理日常公民参与的微观机制进行研究。核心回答：第一，个体日常如何实现由“私”到“公”的转化，展开更具有公共性的参与行动？第二，不同行动主体在差异政治机会结构下如何进行策略选择？具体的过程和微观机制如何？第三，持续性的倡导行动何以可能，如何形成？本文首先针对倡导行动发生，倡导策略选择以及转型国家日常公共参与等理论的现有解释，结合公民身份和政治机会结构理论提出中国公民日常倡导行动的微观机制和策略过程的解释框架。通过具体案例“深描”，呈现了草根个体如何选择和实施政策倡导、媒体倡导、草根倡导、社群培育、行政倡导、公共事件、公众教育、联盟构建等内部、外部策略，不同公民身份的行动主体在差异化政治机会结构下如何进行策略化表达。解释了正式内部联盟型个人倡导策略，非正式外部压力型个人倡导策略，以及合作混合型组织倡导策略的具体行动逻辑和微观动员过程。同时，对于两个案例进行跟踪田野和参与式观察，解释了面对不断变化的政治机会结构，日常倡导策略如何调整，持续性倡导行动何以可能。本文的贡献主要在两个方面：一方面，作为最早对公民日常倡导行动进行分析的学术研究之一，回归公民视角，关注草根个体如何在转型国家管理下进行日常参与的具体微观机制，并对持续性日常倡导行动进行了探索研究。另一方面，选取弱势社群进行经验研究，不仅对于理解公民身份再生产以及组织化行动有重要的理论意义，更展现了扎根于社会的现代公民成长和集体行动的策略景观。
Nonprofit advocacy has become a new strategic choice for public participation. However, there are differences in the advocacy strategies between developing China and Western countries, specifically in nonprofit organization’s advocacy function and local political opportunity structure. This article adopts a qualitative research method to incorporate the concept of citizenship and political opportunity structure into the theoretical framework, which used to explain the strategy and process of Chinese citizens' advocacy action. At the same time, this article contributes to developing the nonprofit advocacy strategy research based on the China’s materials. There are three main research questions: First, how can citizens transform "private" to "public"? Second, what and how advocacy strategies are adopted? Third, the relationship between different advocacy strategies.It shows how the citizens choose internal and external strategies, such as policy advocacy, media advocacy, grassroots advocacy, community building, administrative advocacy, public events, public education, and alliance construction. This article presents and explains formal internal allied policy advocacy strategy, informal external pressure advocacy strategies, civil society organization leading mixed professional advocacy strategies. Meanwhile, consistent field work for Guangzhou case, which explains the impact of the internal advocacy strategy on the ongoing advocacy action. Finally, this article also explores the emerging national alliance of advocacy strategy.The contribution of the dissertation is twofold. First, it’s one of the first academic research focusing on the analysis of Chinese citizens' advocacy strategy. It unravels the specific mechanism of citizenship and civil society organization in advocacy strategy and process. What’s more, it expands the nonprofit advocacy theory which mainly based on western setting, and explores the mutual influence of different forms of strategy. Second, I believe that this research not only contributes the scholarly understanding of the reproduction of citizenship and advocacy strategy, but also sheds light on the transformational ways of state–society interaction and modern citizen's growth.
