我国电网规模的快速发展和恶劣气象的频繁出现使得输电导线发生舞动事故的概率和频率大大增加。深入开展导线舞动规律和防舞课题的研究，对保证我国输电、通信网络安全和电力系统的安全稳定运行意义重大。本文从覆冰导线气动力特性、输电导线舞动数值仿真及相间间隔棒防舞的能量变化研究等方面进行了较为精细的深入研究。本文工作主要包括以下几个方面：本文首先采用自编程软件进行建模仿真，建立了四自由度多档导线-绝缘子体系非线性仿真模型，并进行离散化与模块化处理，对其静态和动态力学模型进行介绍，并引入导线舞动时受到的气动力，最终得到导线舞动时满足的力学方程。在气动力研究方面，制作了导线刚性节段模型，通过高频测力天平试验研究了7种新月形覆冰厚度导线和3种D形覆冰厚度导线的气动力特性，获得了不同风速、覆冰厚度、导线型号、分裂间距和分裂数下的气动力参数变化规律。在上述力学模型和气动力参数的基础上，本文基于一条500kV四分裂覆冰输电线路，进行相关舞动力学计算研究。系统全面的计算分析了风速、覆冰厚度、导线型号、分裂间距和分裂导线对导线舞动的影响，研究了导线在不同冰厚下的起舞风速和舞动截止风速，并从抑制舞动角度给出了线路参数选择的相关建议。最后，本文还对相间间隔棒的作用效果进行了研究，解析了架空输电线路在安装相间间隔棒与不安装相间间隔棒两种不同工况下导线的能量（动能、弹性势能、重力势能）在舞动过程中的变化规律。探索了三相导线在两种不同工况下的三种能量的初始值、最小值和最大值和振荡规律，并分析了两种工况下机械能的大小，结果表明：安装相间间隔棒可以有效减小系统机械能，抑制导线舞动。本文的试验结果丰富了现有的覆冰导线的气动力参数，为覆冰导线舞动试验和仿真提供了非常宝贵的参数；舞动仿真结果和能量法解析相间间隔棒的作用的计算对架空输电线路舞动预测和防舞研究具有重要的指导意义。
These days, the rapid development of power grid and frequent occurrence of bad weather make the probability and frequency of galloping accidents increase greatly in our country. It is of great significance to research on laws of conductor galloping and anti-galloping methodsis to ensure the safety and stability of transmission lines, communication network and power system in China. In this paper, the aerodynamic characteristics of iced conductors, numerical simulations of transmission lines and the study of energy change of conductors with or without interphase spacers are carried out in detail. The work of this paper mainly includes the following aspects:In the field of aerodynamic research, the rigid segment models of the conductors were made. The aerodynamic characteristics of seven kinds of crescent-shaped iced conductors and three kinds of D-shaped iced conductors were studied by wind tunnel test. The aerodynamic parameters under different wind velocities, ice thicknesses, conductor types, split spacings and split numbers were obtained.In this paper, the nonlinear simulation model of the multi-span 4DOF (4 degree-of-freedom) dynamic model for conductor-insulator system is set up, and the discrete and modularized processing are carried out. The static and dynamic mechanical models are obtained, and the aerodynamic force is used when the conductor gallops. Finally, the mechanical equation of conductor galloping is obtained. Then, dynamic calculations on galloping are carried out based on a 500 kV four bundled iced transmission line. The influence of wind velocity, ice thickness, conductor type, split spacing and split number on the conductor galloping are analyzed systematically, and the critical wind velocity and the cut-off wind velocity are studied under different ice thickness. Some suggestions on the design of transmission lines are given from the perspective of anti-galloping.Finally, the study of energy change of conductors with or without interphase spacers are carried out. The initial value, maximum value and the oscillation law of three kinds of energy, namely energy of motion, elastic potential energy， as well as gravitation potential energy, are analyzed in detail. The effect of interphase spacer on conductor galloping is analyzed from the angle of change of mechanical energy. It can be proved that the spacers are effective in controlling the galloping of transmission lines. The experimental results obtained from this paper enriched the aerodynamic parameters of the iced conductors and provide valuable parameters for test and simulation of conductor galloping. The simulation results of galloping and calculations of galloping with or without phase-to-phase spacers using energy method are of certain guiding significance to the prediction of overhead transmission lines and the research of anti-galloping mothod.
