镍渣是镍铁合金生产过程中产生的工业废渣，具有潜在的碱激发活性。本文选用不同掺量的NaOH和不同模数的水玻璃对高炉镍渣和电炉镍渣进行激发，分析其反应机理和反应过程，研究了碱激发高炉镍渣混凝土的宏观性能，并与碱激发矿渣混凝土和纯水泥混凝土进行对比，同时也初步尝试对电炉镍渣进行改性。主要的研究内容和结论如下：（1）NaOH和水玻璃激发高炉镍渣都只生成一种晶态产物，即水化钙铝黄长石。增加NaOH的掺量和水玻璃的模数都有利于凝胶产物的生成，但水玻璃模数的增加会导致反应生成的水化钙铝黄长石大幅减少。（2）碱激发高炉镍渣生成的凝胶产物的表达式可以写成(N,C)-A(M)-S-H，并且随着NaOH掺量的增大，凝胶产物的Ca/Si减小而Al/Si增大。水玻璃作激发剂时，凝胶产物的Ca/Si和Al/Si都随着水玻璃模数的增大而减小。（3）提高含碱量能加速高炉镍渣的前期反应，但含碱量过高会限制后期反应产物的生长空间；硅酸根会促进后期反应的进行，但硅酸根含量过高会导致实际含碱量降低，不利于反应（尤其是早期反应）的进行。（4）含碱量是决定碱激发高炉镍渣混凝土力学性能和抗渗透性能的关键因素，并且高含碱量是硅酸根对反应起促进作用的基础。然而，对于碱激发高炉矿渣混凝土，高含量的硅酸根有利于提高其混凝土的力学性能和抗渗透性，而含碱量过高反而会严重制约其性能发展。（5）含碱量越高，碱激发高炉镍渣混凝土的早期收缩速率越大，硅酸根则会增大碱激发高炉镍渣混凝土的后期收缩。水玻璃作激发剂时，碱激发高炉镍渣混凝土的收缩明显小于对应的碱激发高炉矿渣混凝土。（6）在等抗压强度的条件下，碱激发高炉镍渣混凝土的后期性能发展优于纯水泥混凝土，并且使用的激发剂为水玻璃时，碱激发高炉镍渣混凝土的后期性能表现较纯水泥混凝土更优。 （7）电炉镍渣的活性很低，碱激发后只生成凝胶产物，其中Ca和Al含量均较低。掺入少量高炉矿渣或钢渣能够改善碱激发电炉镍渣的性能。

Nickel slag is a kind of industrial waste produced during the production of nickel-iron alloy. NaOH with different dosages and water glass with different modulus are used to alkali-activate blast furnace nickel slag and electric arc furnace nickel slag. The aim is to analyze the reaction mechanism and reaction process of alkali-activated nickel slag, and the macroscopic performance of alkali-activate blast furnace nickel slag concrete. Alkali-activated blast furnace slag concrete and plain cement concrete are used for reference. Meanwhile, a preliminary attempt is made to carry out the modification of alkali-activated electric arc furnace nickel slag. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) Blast furnace nickel slag which is alkali-activated by NaOH and water glass can produce only one kind of crystal product, namely str?tlingite. The addition of NaOH content and the modulus of water glass are beneficial to the formation of gel products. However, the increase of water glass modulus can result in the significant decrease of str?tlingite.(2) The expression of the gel products of alkali-activated blast furnace nickel slag can be written as (N,C)-A(M)-S-H. The Ca/Si of the gel products decreases, and the Al/Si increases with the addition of NaOH content. When water glass is used as the activator, the Ca/Si and Al/Si both decrease with the increase of water glass modulus.(3) High alkalinity can accelerate the initial reaction of blast furnace nickel slag. However, the growth space of the reaction products would be limited at late age when the alkalinity is too high. Silicate can promote late reaction, but the high content of silicate causes the actual alkalinity to decrease, which is not conducive to the reaction, especially the early reaction.(4) The alkalinity is the key factor to determine the mechanical property and anti-permeability of the alkali-activated blast furnace nickel slag concrete. What’s more, the high alkalinity is the basis of the promotion effect of silicate on the reaction. However, for the alkali-activated blast furnace slag concrete, a high content of silicate is beneficial to improve the mechanical property and anti-permeability of the concrete, while too high alkalinity may seriously restrict its performance development.(5) The higher the alkalinity, the higher rate of the shrinkage of alkali-activated blast furnace nickel slag concrete at early age. Silicate contributes to the shrinkage of alkali-activated blast furnace nickel slag concrete at late age. The shrinkage value of alkali-activated blast furnace nickel slag concrete is obviously less than that of the corresponding alkali-activated blast furnace slag concrete when water glass is used as the activator.(6) Under the condition of the equal compressive strength, the late performances of alkali-activated blast furnace nickel slag concrete are better than those of the plain cement concrete. Furthermore, the late-age performances of alkali-activated blast furnace nickel slag concrete are superior to those of the plain cement concrete when the the activator is water glass.(7) The activity of electric arc furnace nickel slag is very low. The only reaction product is the gel, whose contents of Ca and Al are both very low. The performance of alkali-activated electric arc furnace nickel slag can be improved with the addition of blast furnace slag or steel slag.