党的十八届五中全会上提出了我国要进一步推动人口均衡发展，坚持计划生育这一基本国策，逐步推动和完善人口发展战略，在全国开始全面推行一对夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策，结束了我国我国实行36年的“独生子女”政策。目前我国一线城市居住现状与二孩家庭居住需求存在一定矛盾。在我国一线城市，房价高、人均居住水平相对其他城市低，居住需求受到政治、经济等多因素影响。同时二孩家庭育儿期拉长，育儿强度加大，通常需要家庭中老人也一起参与到对孩子的照护当中。住宅套型如何适应“二孩”引起的居住需求变化，从而对住宅套型的设计提出相应的策略，是本文主要解决的问题。 首先，为了更好的了解目前已有二孩家庭的生活现状与目标需求，笔者进行了调研访谈。将这些家庭在二孩居住、活动、学习、储藏几方面的问题进行整理与归纳。随之通过网络发放调研问卷，扩大取样范围，论证访谈家庭中出现的问题是否具有普遍性。从调研结果中交叉分析在不同模式、不同阶段的二孩家庭中，这些问题存在的共性与差异，作为二孩家庭居住需求研究的基础。通过文献阅读，选取日本、韩国进行类比。日韩与我国文化同源，在住宅设计方面较我国先进，注重人性化设计，对多子女家庭的居住需求也有一定设计经验。并对日韩典型案例进行分析，总结出日韩住宅设计中与多子女相关的设计策略。笔者对国内已有二孩住宅套型也分析了其优点与不足。其次，根据以上研究结果，尝试对二孩家庭的居住需求进行总结。这一部分分为两方面：一方面是家庭中二孩、父母、老人个体的居住需求；另一方面是二孩家庭在不同模式、不同阶段下的家庭居住需求。再次，以居住需求为根本，对二孩家庭的居住空间进行设计探讨。包括对住宅套型内部各空间的组合关系；以及对住宅内部空间的尺度进行分析，总结适应二孩家庭的各空间设计策略。最后，结合实际项目，共优化设计5个二孩家庭住宅套型，针对刚需及改善类二孩家庭，套型建筑面积从90㎡至180㎡，并探讨其在不同家庭模式下的适应性。

According to the spirit of the 5th Plenary Session of 18th CPC Central Committee, China will promote the balanced development of population, adhere to the basic state policy on family planning, and improve the population development strategy. Therefore, the country has decided to implement the universal two-child policy and put an end to the 36-year “one-child” policy. Nowadays the first-tier cities have seen some imbalance between the existing housing status and the housing demands of the two-child family. Apart from soaring housing prices and lower per-capita housing area, the housing demand in the first-tier Chinese cities is susceptible to political and economic factors. For the two-child family, the toddler and preschooler period becomes longer and requires more efforts. Naturally grandparents move to live together with and help take care of the grandchildren. It is within this context that the author explores how the apartment types could adapt to the changed housing demands of the two-child families and probes into the housing design strategies, in particular the apartment type, i.e. the core issue to be tackled herein. First, to better understand the living conditions and demands of the existing two-child families, the author interviewed 10 such families to summarize their problems in living, activity, study and storage, and subsequently released online survey questionnaires to see whether such problems are general issues or not. Based on the survey results, the author conducted crossing-analysis to find out the commonality and difference of these problems with the two-child families of different patterns and at different stages. Such findings were then used as the basis for the research of housing demand. In literature review, the author took Japan and Korea for comparison, as they share the same origin of culture with China, while have developed human-oriented residential design approaches and accumulated more design experiences in catering for the demand of multiple-child families. Through analysis of the typical cases in Japan and Korea, the author summarizes the housing design approaches for multiple-child families and listed the strengths and weakness of the existing apartment types for two-child families in China. Then the author tried to summarize the housing demands of the two-child families based on the aforesaid research results in two aspects, i.e. the individual demand of children, parents and grandparents and the demands of the two-child families of different patterns and at different stages. After that, the author explored the designs of the living spaces for the two-child families from their living demands, such as the interior spatial combination and the size of living room, bedroom, kitchen, washroom and storeroom etc, and worked out the corresponding spatial design approaches that can meet the demands of the two-child families. Finally, the author refined five apartment types ranging from 90m2 to 180m2 for the two-child families with the basic and improvement housing demands, and in doing so, discussed how such they could adapt to different family patterns. These apartment types can be combined into three unit plans for multi-floor and high-rise buildings.