本文主要内容以《中华人民共和国企业破产法》第27条为视角进行破产管理人信义义务的研究，从理论层面定义管理人信义义务的意义及其法律地位，至实务层面分析整理破产管理人信义义务的判定规则，对破产管理人信义义务内涵与外延进行深入研究，探讨弥补我国破产立法现状不足的有效解决方式。本文研究对象及研究方法主要包括两部分，第一部分是国内现行有效的法律规定，以及域外法规条款、审判规则及行业制度，这部分主要采用比较分析方法进行研究；第二部分是案例分析及归纳演绎，主要研究对象是美国司法判例及法院判决，选择原因在于，其一我国现有破产管理人制度于立法及实践两方面着实存在缺失，其二是我国破产法对美国破产法进行大量法律移植包括本研究课题所指破产管理人制度，且美国破产实务运作及法律规定更为全面。鉴于兼顾内因与外因统一的问题探究方法，研究美国破产司法案例成为本文首选。本文研究成果主要包括三方面，第一，通过论述各国关于破产管理人法律地位及制度构建的基本情况，介绍域外各国家关于破产管理人的不同规定，继而从管理人法律地位入手逐一分析各主流学说之理论基础及实践利弊，总结我国破产管理人制度设计的法律特征。第二，通过探究破产管理人信义义务的内涵和法律性质，重点讨论破产管理人信义义务两大组成义务——忠实义务与注意义务，由内及外地分别从法律内涵、法律性质、违反方式三个层次详细展开阐述。第三，本文进一步整理分析域外司法所涉及破产管理人义务与责任之判例，思考英美破产制度设计对实现我国破产管理人信义义务类型化和系统化之立法启示，恰当地弥补国内破产法立法现状的不足，为我国破产管理人信义义务的真空领域提供更好的指导方针。除了对破产管理人信义义务内涵性质和判定规则的探讨，本文创新之处在于提出通过设立破产管理人行业协会类型的自愿性组织进行日常预防的监管举措，以及设立专门的行政机关对破产管理人职务行为进行季度性信息披露，并向法院递交年度性监管报告。
The paper mainly studies the fiduciary duties of the bankruptcy administrator from the perspective of Article 27 of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law of the People’s Republic of China. It defines the legal status of the fiduciary duty of the administrator from the theoretical aspect, analyzes the rules governing the fiduciary duty from the practical aspect and carries out in-depth research on the connotation and extension of the it to explore the effective ways to make up for the inadequacy of the current bankruptcy legislation in China.The research objects and methods of this paper mainly include two aspects. The first part researches on current legal regulations now in force in China, as well as the foreign laws, trial rules and industry regulations by comparative analysis methods. The second part is the case analysis and inductive and deduction with the court decision in United States, which is mainly due to two aspects: the lack of legislation and practice in China on the subject of bankruptcy administrators and a large number of law transplantation that China’s bankruptcy law takes from the Bankruptcy Code. In view of the problem-solving approach that takes into account the unification of internal and external causes, the study of U.S. bankruptcy cases has become the first choice.The paper mainly includes three research results. At first, it discusses the legal status and the system construction status of the bankruptcy administrator in various countries, introduces the different regulations in foreign countries, then analyzes the theoretical basis and practical advantages and disadvantages of each major theory from the administrator’s legal status, summarizing the legal characteristics of system construction of the bankruptcy administrator in China. Then it explores the connotation and legal nature of the fiduciary duties of the administrator, focusing on its two major parts— the duty of loyalty and care, which are elaborated from the three levels of legal connotation, the legal nature, and the violation mode.?Furthermore, by referring to the jurisprudence of the obligations and responsibilities of the foreign bankruptcy administrator, this paper considers making up for the inadequacies of the domestic bankruptcy law, and provides better guidelines for the huge blank in the bankruptcy administrator’s fiduciary duties in China. Specifically, the judgment rules of the fiduciary duty of the bankruptcy administrator can be explicitly set as the Prohibition of Conflict of Interest and the Commercial Judgment Rule through the judicial interpretation. The former principle requires the administrator shall not conflict with the interests of the creditor. Otherwise, the administrator shall be deemed as a breach of the obligation of loyalty and shall assume the due legal responsibility according to the Accountability Obligation. While the Commercial Judgment Rule requires the administrator to regulates the execution of affairs as a reasonable and prudent businessman and meanwhile guarantee the legitimate interests of them to form a well-ordered management system through the provisions of the administrator 's immunity from liability.?In addition to the discussion of the connotation nature and rules of the fiduciary obligation of the bankruptcy administrator, the innovation of this paper is to propose the establishment of voluntary organizations such as bankruptcy administrators' industry associations to carry out daily preventive supervision measures and the special administrative organ to carry out quarterly information disclosure and annual supervision reports for job behavior of the bankruptcy administrator.
