随着经济全球化步伐的加快，各类组织面临的竞争环境日趋激烈，组织中团队的重要作用日益凸显。交互记忆系统是团队成员之间形成的相互依赖的合作性分工系统，这一系统可以帮助团队成员获取、储存和运用源于不同领域的信息和知识（Wegner, 1987）。交互记忆系统使团队成员了解彼此的专长，通过分工与合作来记忆和处理知识，从而使整个团队掌握的知识容量大增；进一步，在面临任务时，团队可以调用这些与任务相关的知识，从而有益于提升团队的各项表现。为了更加深入细致地理解交互记忆系统与团队有效性之间的关系及影响机制，全面总结已有的实证研究成果并回应结果中的不尽一致之处，本文通过荟萃分析对已有的54项独立实证研究进行定量总结，并探索了此过程中可能存在的调节变量。荟萃分析结果发现：交互记忆系统与团队有效性之间存在显著的正相关关系；团队类型、文化背景、任务复杂度和团队规模在此关系中扮演了调节变量的角色。交互记忆系统对于团队的重要作用促使我们探索其影响因素，已有研究较少从团队领导者个体的角度探讨交互记忆系统的前因变量。本文基于交互记忆系统理论、领导谦逊理论、自我表达动机视角和社会信息处理理论，探索交互记忆系统如何受到领导者谦逊表现的影响，并进而影响到团队有效性。本文运用来自123个工作团队的配对问卷数据开展实证研究，结果发现：领导谦逊表现与交互记忆系统之间存在显著的正相关关系，并进而正向影响到团队有效性。团队成员职能背景异质性和任务复杂度分别调节两个阶段的影响，并与交互记忆系统的中介作用共同构成被调节的中介模型。本文的荟萃分析系统总结了交互记忆系统与团队有效性的相关实证研究，深入探索了交互记忆系统对团队有效性的影响过程和机制；实证研究探索领导者个体层面的谦逊特质与行为表现对团队交互记忆系统的影响过程。本文的两个研究在理论上可以进一步丰富交互记忆系统和谦逊理论文献，在实践上对管理者培养团队交互记忆系统提升团队有效性具有一定的参考意义。

With the acceleration of economic globalization, organizations are facing an increasingly competitive environment, which highlights the importance of teams. Transactive memory systems (TMS) is the cooperative division of labor for learning, remembering, and communicating relevant team knowledge within teams (Wegner, 1987). TMS makes team members to get known of each other’s specialist, to memory and to process information and knowledge based on division of labor, which makes the whole team to gain much more knowledge. And then, a team uses the task-related knowledge memorized by its members to get their work done, so that promoting its team performance.In order to get a deeper understanding of the relationship and influencing mechanism between TMS and team effectiveness, and to quantitatively review prior researches with inconsistent results to ascertain the criterion-related validity of TMS, this paper conducts a meta-analysis based on data from 54 independent empirical studies. Results show that, there exists a significant positive relationship between transactive memory systems and team effectiveness. Several contextual factors including team type, cultural background, task complexity and team size, moderate this effect.The important role of TMS in teams urges us to explore its influencing factors. However, very few existing researches have investigated individual- or team leader level antecedents of TMS. Based on transactive memory systems theory, leader humility theory, self-expression motive perspective and social information processing theory, we conducted an empirical study with paired data from 123 work teams. Results show that a leader’s expressed humility has a positive effect on the development of TMS and then promotes team effectiveness. Functional background heterogeneity of team members and task complexity moderate the two stages and form a moderated mediation model with the mediating role of TMS.This paper conducts a meta-analysis to systematically review existing empirical studies on the relationship between TMS and team effectiveness, and investigates the processes and mechanisms of the relationship. And also, this paper conducts an empirical study to explore the antecedent effect of leader humility on TMS. These two studies can further enrich the TMS and humility literatures, and also have some reference values for managers to improve team effectiveness by promoting the transactive memory systems in teams.