被害人行为介入因果关系的认定是因果关系认定的难题。条件说不能区分归因与归责的问题，存在过于扩大因果关系的危险。其后的相当因果关系虽然缩小了条件说的处罚范围，但判断标准不够明确，“相当性”的判断非常空洞，陷入了循环论证的泥潭，特别是研究重心的偏移，将因果关系理论的难题本末倒置，对于介入异常行为但仍可以肯定因果关系的情形缺乏说明力。近来有力的客观归责理论存在诸多方法论上的优势，能够合理解释这一问题，但是客观归责理论已经不是一种简单的因果关系理论，在因果关系理论上讨论客观归责理论是对客观归责理论的矮化，采用这一理论会对现在的整个犯罪论体系发生变化。也有学者主张借鉴德国认定结果加重犯所要求的直接性要件，尽管这种理论对限制结果加重犯的处罚范围提供了有益的借鉴，但是对实行行为的限制过于严苛，尤其是忽略了实行行为对被害人心理上所造成的影响。日本近些年的一些判例，动摇了相当因果关系说的通说地位，山口厚教授等人所主张的危险现实化理论逐渐成为通说，这种学说综合考虑基本行为对结果发生的作用力，基本行为导致介入被害人行为的异常性，被害人行为导致结果发生的贡献度，从而认定结果归属于被害人自己的行为还是行为人的前行为。由此，因果关系的判断结构就可以被划分为危险的直接实现和危险的间接实现，前者是指虽然介入的行为非常异常，但对结果发生的作用力很小，只是稍微提前结果发生的，应当将结果归责于实行行为；后者是指介入行为的产生并不异常，是由实行行为所引发的，因此结果的发生实行行为的危险通过介入行为间接导致的 。将被害人行为介入的因果关系作为独立的研究对象，就必须将这一问题做类型化的努力，根据危险现实化理论，被害人行为介入的情形可以划分为危险的直接实现和危险的间接实现两个类型。其中危险直接实现的情形，实践中常见的案例主要有被害人轻微不遵医嘱的行为、拒绝治疗等；危险的间接实现类型常见的案例主要包括被害人自我保护行为、被害人冒险营救、被害人行为属于被告人的管辖范围等三种情形；相反的，危险没有实现的类别常见的是被害人自杀的情形。

Victim behavior involved in the causal relationship is a difficult problem. Conditions that can not distinguish between attribution and attribution of the problem, After the considerable causal relationship, although the narrowing of the conditions that the scope of the penalty to determine the standard is not clear enough, "considerable" judgment is very empty, caught in the quagmire of circular argumentation, in particular the study of the center of gravity shift, For the intervention of abnormal behavior but still sure the causal relationship between the lack of clarity. However, the theory of objective attribution is not a simple theory of causality. In the theory of causality, the theory of objective attribution is discussed. The theory of dwarfing, the use of this theory will change the current system of criminal theory. There are also scholars who advocate the directness of the necessary assertion of the German aggravated result, although this theory provides a useful reference for the scope of the penalty for aggravating the consequences, but the restrictions on the conduct are too harsh, especially the neglect of the conduct The psychological impact of the victims. Japan in recent years, some of the precedents, shaken a considerable causal relationship that the status of the tongue, Professor Yamaguchi Professor, who advocated the theory of dangerous reality has gradually become that theory, taking into account the basic behavior of the results of the force, The basic behavior leads to the abnormalities of the victim's behavior, and the victim's behavior leads to the contribution of the outcome, thus determining whether the result belongs to the victim's own behavior or the behavior of the actor. Thus, the causal relationship of the judgment structure can be divided into the direct realization of the danger and the indirect realization of the danger, the former is that although the involvement of the behavior is very unusual, but the results of the force is very small, but a little early results occurred, The result should be attributed to the implementation of the behavior; the latter refers to the occurrence of intervention is not unusual, is caused by the implementation of the behavior, so the occurrence of the risk of behavior through the indirect behavior caused by the intervention. The causal relationship involved in victim behavior as an independent research object, it is necessary to do this type of problem, according to the theory of dangerous reality, the victim behavior intervention can be divided into dangerous direct realization and the risk of indirect realization of two Types of. Which is the direct realization of the situation, the practice of common cases are mainly victims of minor non-compliance behavior, refused to treat; dangerous indirect implementation of the type of common cases include the victim self-protection behavior, the victim adventure rescue, the victim behavior belongs to the defendant The scope of the jurisdiction of the three cases; the contrary, the danger is not achieved in the category of common victims of the case of suicide.