随着智能电网建设和用电设备智能化水平的不断提升，用户侧可控可调的需求响应资源日益丰富，其响应潜力巨大且性能优良。现阶段需求响应资源难以充分利用，限制其规模化应用的一个主要难点在于需求响应缺乏行之有效的实施策略。需求响应资源参与电网运行调控，需要评估资源响应潜力，组织管理资源，设计调控策略等几个环节。本文针对如何有效组织用户侧需求响应资源参与电网运行调控，提出了基于设备级仿真的需求响应资源聚合与优化调控策略。 本文首先分析不同类型用户的需求响应资源特性，并对需求响应资源的组织管理模式进行研究。根据需求响应资源的特性，提出需求响应资源品质划分标准，以便于构建优质资源快速备调池。在分析需求响应相关市场主体的基础上，根据电网公司与用户的交互方式设计两类需求响应资源管理模式：电网公司与用户直接交互、电网公司通过用户侧代理与用户间接交互。 其次，本文提出基于仿真的需求响应资源潜力评估与聚合模型构建方法。通过典型用户典型设备调研，构建用户响应行为特征模型、分层分区的仿真模型，评估各用户的需求响应潜力，并构建表征用户负荷群需求响应能力的聚合模型。 针对地区电网如何充分利用需求响应资源，本文提出了地区电网需求响应资源调控策略。针对电网峰时段的用电缺口，提出地区电网需求响应资源组织与运营流程，并设计体现电网和用户双向激励的需求响应收益分享机制，通过算例分析展示需求响应资源潜力评估与聚合模型，并验证了地区电网需求响应资源调控策略。 最后，本文针对省、地市、供电区三个层级，提出了需求响应资源多级调控策略。建立面向省级电网的需求响应资源分层分区组织与运营框架，以及考虑发用电联合优化的省级电网需求响应多级调控策略，通过省级电网算例验证策略的有效性。
With the construction of smart grid and the continuous improvement of the level of intelligent use of electrical equipment, the user side controllable demand response resources become increasingly abundant, but at this stage they have not yet been fully utilized. The response potential of demand response resources is huge and the response performance is excellent, and its main difficulty restricting its large-scale application is the lack of effective implementation strategies for demand response. This paper focuses on how to make full use of demand response resources to participate in the operation and control of power system operation, and puts forward the demand response resource aggregation and optimization control strategy. Firstly, characteristics of demand response resources of different types of users are analyzed, and the organization and management model of demand response resources are studied. Quality classification standard of demand response resources is proposed. Based on the analysis of relevant market members of the demand response, two kinds of demand response resource management modes are designed according to the interaction between the grid company and users: the grid company interacts directly with the user side, and the grid company interacts with the user side agent. Secondly, demand response resource potential assessment and aggregation model construction method based on simulation is put forward in this paper. Through the research of typical user equipment, the device-level simulation model is built. Hierarchical simulation platform is developed to assess the demand response potential of each user, and the aggregation model which characterizes the response capacity of the user load group is constructed. With the purpose of making full use of demand response resources in regional power grids, this paper puts forward the resource control strategy. For the power grid gap in the peak period, the control strategy of the demand response of the regional power grid is constructed, and the demand response mechanism of bidirectional incentive of the grid and the user is designed. The example results show the resource demand assessment and aggregation model, and verify the control strategy proposed in this chapter. Finally, this paper puts forward the multi-level control strategy of demand response resource for three levels of province, city and power supply areas. Hierarchical organization and operation framework for demand response resources of Provincial power grid is proposed, and a control strategy of demand response resource considering the power generation and the electricity consumption is established. It is proved by the example that the strategy can effectively realize the optimization of demand response resources.
