社会公平是人类追求的目标之一，是实现“中国梦”的价值基石。住房公平是社会公平的一项重要内容，也是住房政策的一个重要目标。我国住房制度改革以来，居民平均住房水平不断提高，但住房不公平问题日渐突出，促进住房公平已经成为政府的一项迫切任务。论文阐述了住房公平的概念内涵，明确了住房政策的公平目标，建立了住房政策与住房公平关系的理论框架。在此基础上，论文一方面构建了住房公平评价指标，对我国住房公平现状进行了分析，另一方面实证分析了公积金政策和保障房政策对住房资源配置的影响规律。进一步，论文构建了住房资源配置仿真模型，分析了住房政策优化方案对住房公平的影响效果，为完善我国住房政策提供了科学依据。研究结果表明：（1）住房政策的公平目标是促进住房机会公平，带动住房结果公平，使所有家庭都拥有可进入的住房获取渠道，实现住有所居。（2）我国住房公平程度呈现恶化趋势，不同城市住房不公平问题的成因有所差异。（3）公积金政策呈现“两端补贴中间”的特征，对低收入家庭的支持力度不足，不利于促进住房公平。中等收入家庭是政策的主要受益群体，低收入家庭由于缺乏足够的住房机会，难以获得收益。（4）保障房政策增进了低收入家庭的住房机会，促进了住房公平，但也存在一些问题。一方面，住房保障与住房市场还没有形成无缝衔接的住房供应体系，“一刀切”的准入标准导致产权型保障房供给中容易引发福利陷阱问题。另一方面，住房制度改革和收入分配体制改革还不够彻底，存在保障房福利化现象，体制内单位在一定程度上仍延续着“低工资，高福利”的分配制度。论文建议：（1）政府和公众都应正确看待住房公平问题。政府应认清住房政策的公平目标，因地制宜地制定住房政策，提升住房资源配置的公平程度；社会公众应认识到住房公平的提升是渐进的，应给予政府足够的时间。（2）公积金政策有待改革，应当构建全新的政策性住房金融体系，提升对低收入家庭的支持力度。在改革的过渡阶段，可以采取降低公积金提取门槛、对低收入职工实行定向优惠等优化方案。（3）保障房体系有待完善，应当处理好保障与市场的关系，防范福利陷阱；可以采取放宽准入标准，制定阶梯型优惠比例的优化方案。住房制度改革和收入分配体制改革有待进一步深化，保障房分配应当平等对待体制内外职工，同时提高体制内职工工资，破除保障房福利化与体制内外工资差距的补偿关系。

Social justice is one of the goals of human beings and the foundation to realize China Dream. Housing fairness is an important content of social justice and a major objective of housing policy. The average housing level enhances unceasingly since the housing system reform in our country. But the problem of housing unfairness is growing prominent. So it has become an urgent task for the government to promote housing fairness.This thesis expounds the connotation of housing fairness, explains the fairness objective of housing policy, and establishes the theoretical framework of housing policy and housing fairness. On this basis, the housing fairness index is constructed to analyze the present situation of housing fairness in China. And then, the impacts of housing provident fund policy and affordable housing policy on housing allocation are empirically analyzed. Further, the simulation model of housing allocation is built to analyze the impact of policy improvements on housing fairness, which may help to improve our housing policy.The results show that: Firstly, the fairness objective of housing policy is to promote equal housing opportunity and housing outcome equality so that all families have equal access to housing and have suitable housing. Secondly, there is a trend of deterioration in the degree of housing fairness in China and the causes of housing unfairness are various among different cities. Thirdly, housing provident fund policy has insufficient support for low-income families, which is not conducive to promote housing fairness. Middle-income families are the main beneficiary groups, but low-income families can not benefit from the policy due to the lack of housing opportunity. Fourthly, there are some problems in affordable housing policy, though the degree of housing fairness is advanced by the policy. On the one hand, the improper entry criteria, which may lead to the excessive concentration of housing opportunity to low-income families, may trigger the problem of welfare trap. On the other hand, the probability of access to affordable housing of in-system families is higher than that of out-system families, and the distribution system of “low wage and high welfare” still exists in in-system units.According to the above results, the thesis suggests that: Firstly, the government and the public should have a correct view of housing fairness. The government should promote housing fairness with suitable measures to local condition. And the public should be patient because it needs long time to promote housing fairness. Secondly, the reform of housing provident fund policy should be implemented. And a new system of policy housing finance should be built to increase support for low-income families. In the transition of reform, some improvements can be taken such as lowering the extracting threshold and adopting preferential policy for low-income families. Thirdly, affordable housing system should be improved to prevent welfare trap by dealing with the relationship between housing security and housing market. And the improvement of relaxing the entry criteria and developing the step-shaped discount can be taken. The reform of housing system and income distribution system should be further deepened by treating in-system and out-system families equally in affordable housing allocation and increasing the wage of in-system units.