随着城市轨道交通在我国的快速发展，地铁站节能已逐渐成为国家与行业关注的焦点。为了使地铁站节能工作有的放矢、落到实处，约束既有车站的运行能耗，引导新建车站的节能设计，本课题从实际数据出发，对地铁站用能现状与特征、环控关键子系统的运行现状与关键问题进行了深入研究，并提出了相应的系统性节能策略、建立了地铁站能耗指标体系。 本文广泛调研了我国5座城市500余座地铁站的基础数据，宏观分析了我国不同气候区、各类型地铁站的用能现状及主要特征，并通过不同线路、不同城市之间的横向对比初步探究了车站能耗影响因素。 在地铁站环控系统中，公共区域通风是一项关键问题。本文提出了一套车站活塞渗风量测算方法，对不同地区多座车站开展了一系列对比测试，深入了解了站内活塞渗风的基本规律与影响因素，并从新风的实际供、需入手分析了不同季节渗风对车站环控系统的利弊影响。 针对环控系统中另一项关键问题——轨行区排热，本文通过对两座典型站的实测，较为全面且详细地了解了排热风系统（U/O）在运行时各个环节温度的真实变化规律，通过与室外温度对比，发现U/O实际排热效果差，大多数情况下的“排热”实为排冷。基于此，对既有站U/O运行与新建车站U/O设计提出了具体建议，为节省环控系统运行能耗、系统建设初投资提供了重要依据。 综合考虑地铁站通风特征与本质功能，本文对典型地铁站提出了环控大系统取消机械新风、改为单风机运行的系统方案，可有效降低环控系统运行能耗、节省土建初投资。 在此基础上，结合物理模型与统计数据，对环控、照明、电梯、其他等四大分项用能进行研究，建立了包含总能耗、分项能耗、环控系统需求与效率这三个层级的地铁站能耗指标体系，以a?S+b作为能耗指标形式（其中S为车站面积，a、b为系数）。以四组不同气候区/类型的车站为例，分别计算了各级指标的系数参考值。该指标体系具有较广泛的适用性，为地铁站开展能耗定额考核奠定了基础。

While rail-transit in China continues developing rapidly, energy conservation of metro stations has been increasingly recognized as the focus in the country and industry. This study deliberately introduced the current situation and characteristics of energy use in metro stations, real operating effect and key issues of major systems, and proposed energy saving strategies and energy consumption quota for metro stations in China. A particular benefit of this study was to analyze the current situation and basic pattern of energy use in metro stations across different climate zones and different types, based on the basic data of about five hundred stations in five major cities in China. Further, some major influential factors of energy use in stations were identified through comparative analysis. With respect to ventilation in public area of metro stations, this study proposed a set of methodologies to measure and calculate train-induced airflow rate. Field tests allowed a better understanding of basic pattern in train-induced airflow, its influential factors as well as its influence on the environment control system. With respect to heat removal system in tunnel (known as U/O system), field tests were conducted in two typical stations to understand the real temperature in different sections of the system. Compared with outdoor air temperature, U/O was found to introduce more heat into the tunnel, acting poorly for most of the time. Thus, this study proposed energy saving suggestions for the operation and future design of U/O system. Considering the major features and fundamental functions of ventilation, single-fan scheme was proposed for ventilation system in public area, to save energy and initial cost. Finally, considering both physical model and statistical data, this study established an energy consumption quota system for metro stations, including total energy use, major end uses, demand and efficiency of environment control system. The quota is mainly expressed as a linear function of the station’s floor area, and is expected to be widely adopted in the future.