现代性社会的问题是技术理性化的后果，而技术理性化后果主要表现为人的理性化和社会体制的科层化。浪漫主义思潮起缘于对启蒙理性的反抗，目的是为了使人在工业文明中更好地生存。本文试图通过梳理浪漫主义与技术理性化的发展脉络，认为浪漫主义在工业文明早期便开始寻求一种诗意的、神秘的、回归自然的思想，同时构想出一种对抗技术的理想化的审美乌托邦。浪漫主义对抗技术理性化的方式，以及其所蕴含的审美救赎思想，带来了新的现代性问题解决方案，即用艺术改变人与技术的交往方式，用审美来救赎技术时代的人性，使浪漫主义的人与理性化的技术之间的关系从对抗走向共存。本文首先对技术理性化和浪漫主义之间的关系进行了阐述，然后分别从三个维度讨论浪漫主义对抗技术理性化的方式，即用浪漫主义的诗意、神秘主义对抗实证主义、理性主义；用回归自然、乌托邦式的自然设想对抗生活和社会体制的理性化；最后结合现代性问题，把审美救赎作为行动纲领解放“铁笼”社会，用艺术拯救现代性危机，实现人诗意的栖居。

The problem of modern society are the consequences of the rationalization of technology, which is mainly manifested in the rationalization of human beings and the stratification of social system. Romanticism originates in the resistance to the Enlightenment reason, whose purpose is to make people live better in the age of industrial civilization.By teasing out the line of development of Romanticism and technological rationalization, this thesis argues that Romanticism tried to seek a kind of poetic and mysterious thought which advocated a return to nature in the early stage of industrial civilization, and conceived an idealized aesthetic Utopia. The critique of technology waged by Romanticism and the ideas of aesthetic redemption implied in it brought a new solution to the problem of modernity: using art to change how people and technology interact with each other, using aesthetic appreciation to redeem the lost human nature in the era of technology, so that the relationship between men with romantic ideas and the rationalization of technology can develop from resistance to coexistence.This thesis first elaborates on the relationship between the rationalization of technology and Romanticism, then discusses the resistance of romanticism to the rationalization of technology from three perspectives: using Romantic poetry and mysticism to resist positivism and rationalism; using of the thought of return to nature and the Utopian conceptions of nature to resist the rationalization of our life and social system; using aesthetic redemption as a guideline to solve the problem of modernity and liberate people who live in the "iron cages" of modern rationality, and using art to overcome the crisis of modernity, and to achieve poetic dwelling.