环境治理是中国国家治理中最重要的组成部分。中国以政府为主导的环境治理模式在过去取得了一定成效，实现了两个五年规划期间里能源消耗和污染物排放的连续下降，但与此同时，缺乏公众参与和有效的政府回应使这样的治理模式在合法性上饱受学界争议。对于中国政府在环境治理领域回应性的研究，有助于我们完善中国环境治理模式、改进环境治理工作，同时也有助于对公众参与环境治理及政府回应行为的机制进行重新认识。对于中国政府在环境治理领域的回应性问题，学界经过了较长时间的争论，既有实证研究初步证明了回应性的存在，但对于回应行为背后的行为逻辑并未予以较为完整、系统的总结和归纳，因此对于回应行为是否存在选择性等行为特征也未能给予关注和研究。本文综述了既有的回应性和环境威权主义研究，以威权主义回应性来源的框架分析我国环境治理实践，系统梳理出我国环境威权主义回应性的行为逻辑，并进一步推导出我国政府在环境治理领域的回应行为可能存在选择性。为证实中国政府在环境治理领域回应行为及其选择性的存在，本文采用2011-2015年中国省级民生环境满意度数据和工业污染治理投资数据，选择固定效应模型对假设进行了逐一的定量回归检验。实证结果表明，一方面，公众满意度对工业污染治理投资额有显著影响，即政府会对公众环境意见做出回应；另一方面，公众满意度对工业废气治理投资额有显著影响、对工业废水治理投资额没有影响，即政府对公众环保诉求的回应行为在不同类型污染物之间具有选择性、倾向于以空气治理进行回应。本文的研究以威权政体回应性的视角对中国环境治理进行分析，归纳总结了环境治理中政府回应性的来源及作用机制，并证实了回应行为及其选择性的存在。本文的研究发现，有助于我们对中国环境治理中的公民参与进行重新思考。

Environmental governance is the most important part of China's national governance. Dominated by the government, the environmental governance in China achieved continuous decline on both energy consumption and pollutant emission during two Five Year Plans. But the lack of public participation and government responsiveness brings up question on the legitimacy of the governance. The research on the government responsiveness in environmental governance will help us understand the mechanism of government responsiveness in China further and improve the environmental governance.The government responsiveness of China in environmental governance is controversial in academic community. Previous empirical study has proved the existence of government responsiveness to some extent, but further research on the mechanism behind the phenomenon is needed. Due to the lack of comprehensive understanding regarding mechanism, current study can’t explore more characteristics of responsiveness. This paper reviews literature on responsiveness and environmental authoritarianism, analyses the environmental governance in China by the theoretical frame of the source of authoritarianism responsiveness, concludes the mechanism of how public opinion influences the governmental behavior and explores the selectivity of responsiveness. In order to prove the existence of responsiveness and its selectivity, this paper uses provincial data from 2011-2015 about public environmental satisfaction and pollution abatement investment and tests them by fixed effects model. The empirical results show that on the one hand, the public environmental satisfaction has a significant influence on the industrial pollution control investment, which means that the government will response to public demands on environment; On the other hand, the public environmental satisfaction has a significant influence on the industrial waste gas control investment but not on the industrial waste water control investment, which means that the responsiveness is selective. This paper analyses the environmental governance in China with the view of authoritarianism responsiveness, summarizes the mechanism of responsiveness and proves the existence of responsiveness and its selectivity. The findings of this paper will help us to rethink the public participation in the environmental governance in China.