随着“走出去”和“一带一路”战略的实施，中国对外承包工程业务快速发展。设计、采购、施工一体化的EPC（Engineering-Procurement-Construction）总承包模式凭借其高效整合与配置资源的优势在国际工程中越来越得到业主和承包商的青睐，其中采购是项目实施的核心环节，对于整个工程的成本、进度和质量都有着至关重要的作用。供应链一体化的管理方法能够帮助国际工程EPC项目总承包商整合采购管理全过程，通过与供应链利益相关方建立合作伙伴关系来获取和集成资源，以改善供应链运作效率和采购管理水平。因此，本文基于供应链一体化理论、现代组织理论和伙伴关系理论构建了国际工程EPC项目采购管理模型，认为供应链一体化可以促进采购管理过程进而增强采购绩效，并根据理论模型建立了完整的指标体系，以系统与客观地衡量国际工程EPC项目采购管理现状。 本文采用问卷、访谈和案例分析的方式进行实证研究。研究结果揭示了我国总承包商的国际工程EPC项目采购管理现状，具体表现为信息管理还有较大提升空间、采购绩效评价表现较差、以及物流绩效表现较差；从整体上直观地展现出采购利益相关方合作与组织间联系的社会网络关系和相应的社会资本，其中总承包商与集团总部的合作对采购工作的影响范围最广，与集团总部、设计方和国外主材供应商的合作在采购工作中的作用较为关键，与施工方的组织间联系对整个采购工作的影响范围最广，与国内外设备物资供应商和设计方的组织间联系在采购工作中的作用较为关键；验证了国际工程EPC项目采购管理理论模型，并解释了模型在采购管理工作中的作用规律，具体表现为利益相关方合作对采购管理过程的作用最强，采购合同管理受到供应链一体化的影响最强，物流管理对采购绩效的作用最强，运营受到采购管理过程的影响最强；选取了位于赞比亚、斐济和委内瑞拉的五个国际工程EPC项目典型案例，对其采购重点问题和采购管理策略进行了提炼与总结，进一步解释和验证了数据分析得到的结果。 基于以上结果，提出国际工程EPC项目采购管理能力提升途径，分别为与全球范围内关键利益相关方建立合作伙伴关系、加强利益相关方接口管理、加强采购全流程管理和整合供应链上下游信息流；制定了国际工程EPC项目采购管理方案，全面阐述了整个采购过程的管理措施。
As the implementation of “go global” strategy and “the Belt and Road” initiative, international projects delivered by Chinese contractors are growing rapidly in revenue and areas. EPC (Engineering-Procurement-Construction) approach has been widely adopted by clients and contractors in international markets relyinging on its advantages of effectively integrating and allocating resources. Procurement is the core process in EPC project delivery, which is critical to the cost, time and quality of the whole project. It is argued that supply chain integration can help international EPC contractors integrate the overall procurement process, and obtain and manage resources by establishing partnering relationships with supply chain stakeholders, to improve supply chain operation efficiency and procurement management level. Therefore, based on the theories of supply chain integration, organization and partnering, this study develops the conceptual model of procurement management in international EPC projects, which shows that supply chain integration can promote procurement management process and then enhance procurement performance. An index system has been constructed which can be used to measure the procurement management level of international EPC projects. Questionnaire, interview and case study have been applied for empirical research. Survey results indicate: 1) The procurement management level of Chinese contractors in international EPC projects, that is, information management, procurement performance evaluation and logistics performance need to be improved. 2) The social network and social capital of stakeholders’ cooperation and inter-organizational linking, which show that a) cooperation with headquater and inter-organizational linking with contractor affect more procurement activities; and b) cooperations with headquarter, designer and international material supplier, inter-organizational linkings with international equipment supplier and designer play more critical roles in procurement activities. 3) The conceptual model has been tested and its mechanism in procurement management of international EPC projects also interpreted, i.e. a) cooperation with stakeholders has more influence on procurement management process; b) supply chain integration has more effect on contracting management; c) logistics management has more impact on procurement performance; and d) procurement management process has more influence on operation. 4) 5 representative EPC projects in Zambia, Fiji and Venezuela have been chosen for case study, which reveals the critical procurement management issues and strategies during the implementation of these international EPC projects, further confirming the theoretical and surveyed results. Based on the analysis above, the improvement approaches of procurement management in international EPC projects have been proposed, including establishing partnering relationships with key supply chain participants from global markets, enhancing interface management with stakeholders, strengthening the procurement process management, and integrating both upstream and downstream information flows; procurement management plan for international EPC projects has been designed to provide guidance for contractors to manage the overall procurement activities.
