本文研究海德格尔前期思想中的“瞬间（Augenblick）”问题。海德格尔前期“瞬间”观念的形成主要源于亚里士多德和克尔凯郭尔的相关思想，大致有三条进路：一、柏拉图《巴门尼德篇》的?ξαίφνη?——亚里士多德《物理学》的ν?ν——海德格尔《现象学之基本问题》的Augenblick；二、亚里士多德《尼各马可伦理学》中的καιρ?ς——海德格尔早期课程笔记中关于καιρ?ς问题的现象学解析——海德格尔的Augenblick；三、克尔凯郭尔的?ieblik或?ieblikket——海德格尔《现象学之基本问题》、《存在与时间》的Augenblick。 海德格尔的学生汉斯?约纳斯（Hans Jonas）曾对《存在与时间》里的“瞬间”概念展开批判，他的批评从反面丰富了瞬间观念的内含。所以，本文还将探讨这个问题。 本文从上述三条进路展开论述，在现象学的视角下，结合具体的文本解析以及汉斯?约纳斯的批评，尝试实现如下两个目标：一、厘清与海德格尔瞬间（Augenblick）观念直接对应或间接相关的?ξαίφνη?、νῦν、καιρ?ς和?ieblikket概念；二、结合三条进路下瞬间问题的研究，阐明海德格尔前期思想中瞬间观念的多重含义。
This dissertation is to study the issue of “Augenblick” in Heidegger’s early thought. Heidegger was mainly and deeply affected by Aristotle and Kierkegaard, when the concept of Augenblick was formed in his early thought. Generally speaking, there are three approaches: Firstly, from Platonic “?ξαίφνη?” in Parmenides to Aristotle’s “ν?ν” in Physics and then to Heidegger’s “Augenblick” in The Basic Problems of Phenomenology. Secondly, from Aristotle’s “καιρ?ς” in The Nicomachean Ethics to the phenomenological analysis on καιρ?ς in Heidegger’s early lecture notes and then to Heidegger’s “Augenblick”. Thirdly, from Kierkegaard’s “?ieblik” or “?ieblikket” to Heidegger’s “Augenblick” in The Basic Problems of Phenomenology and Being and Time. Hans Jonas, who studied under Heidegger, rethought and criticized the concept of Augenblick in Being and Time, from which we can make deeper understanding of that concept. Hence his criticism will also be argued in this dissertation. Following three approaches above, this issue will be illustrated in detail. With the specific text analysis and the criticism from Hans Jonas about Heidegger’s “Augenblick” in Being and Time, the following two goals will be accomplished from the phenomenological perspective: Firstly, the concepts of ?ξαίφνη?, νῦν, καιρ?ς and ?ieblikket are to be clarified, which are directly or indirectly related to Heidegger’s “Augenblick”. Secondly, based on the analysis above, the multiple meaning of the concept “Augenblick” in Heidegger’s early thought will be elucidated.
