二十世纪以来，电磁悬浮技术以其无机械磨损、环境适应能力强、无污染、抗干扰能力强等优点在惯性导航领域得到了广泛的应用。常用的电磁悬浮技术有静电悬浮、超导磁悬浮、基于磁力的电磁悬浮等，有些技术控制系统复杂、成本高，有些则需要特殊的材料。基于电涡流的电磁悬浮技术控制系统简单，悬浮体的材料理论上可以选择任何非铁磁性导电金属，成本较低，在无接触支承以及旋转驱动方面具有较大的发展空间以及研究价值。因此，本文针对基于电涡流的电磁悬浮转子和轴承的悬浮、旋转原理及特性展开研究。首先，结合电涡流的集肤效应，将电流频率、导体厚度与电涡流和磁场的分布联系起来，讨论电磁力在不同方向上分量随时间的变化规律，从电磁力的角度分析了转子悬浮以及旋转的原理。其次，设计了电磁悬浮筒形转子及定子线圈的基本结构，并通过数值计算分析了转子的悬浮原理，以及电流频率、电流幅值、线圈分布方式、转子底厚以及转子材料对悬浮力的影响。在此基础之上，选择了3个不同底厚的铝合金转子进行悬浮实验，测量了不同电流频率、电流幅值下转子的悬浮高度，并对实验结果进行了分析，验证了数值计算得到的结论。然后，对电磁转矩产生的原因进行了分析，讨论了电流频率、电流幅值、转子壁厚、转子材料以及线圈布置方式对转矩的影响。本文使用3个不同壁厚的铝合金转子进行了旋转实验，测量了在不同电流频率、电流幅值下各转子的转速，得到的最大转速约为27000rpm。随后，分析了转子的稳定性，提出了提高转子稳定性的方案。在旋转线圈中央安装一个筒形轴承套，并在转子侧壁外表面设计W形螺旋槽。本文用软件ANSYS Fluent对螺旋槽的尺寸参数进行了优化，并分析了该尺寸的螺旋槽对转子受到的电磁转矩的影响。通过实验对比，带螺旋槽的转子的旋转稳定性明显得到了改善，其最大转速约为21500rpm，比同壁厚不带螺旋槽转子的转速略低。最后，本文对空心薄壁铝合金球形转子的电磁悬浮、旋转特性进行了初步探索，通过数值计算以及实验验证，可知球形转子也能悬浮、旋转，但由于本文定子线圈和轴承结构的限制，实验中球形转子的转速较低，实验的最高转速达到了3300rpm左右。

Since the twentieth century, the technology of electromagnetic levitation has been widely used in the field of the inertial navigation, for its advantages of no mechanical wear, no pollution, anti-jamming ability and environmental adaptability, etc.. There are several types of the electromagnetic levitation technology, including the electrostatic levitation, the superconducting magnetic levitation and the electromagnetic levitation based on magnets and so on. Among them, some require very complex control systems, and thus the costs are very high, and some require special materials. The electromagnetic levitation technology based on eddy current is unique for its easy control, no special material requirement and low cost. It is attractive for non-contact supporting of rotary systems, and is valuable for further development and research. Therefore, this paper focuses on the principles and characteristics of the levitation and rotation of the electromagnetic levitated rotors and bearings based on the eddy current.First, based on the skin effect of eddy current, effects of current frequency and rotor thickness are interlinked with the distributions of the eddy current and magnetic field, and the changes in the rotor design is discussed in the context of directions of the electromagnetic force, and the principles of the levitation and rotation of the rotor using the electromagnetic force are clarified.Next, the basic structures of the stator coils and a cylindrical rotor of the electromagnetic levitation are designed, the levitation principle of the rotor is analyzed by numerical analysis as well as the influences of the current frequency, current amplitude, arrangement of coils, bottom thickness of the rotor and the material of the rotor on the levitation force. Based on the analysis, three aluminum alloy rotors with different bottom thicknesses are designed and used in the levitation experiments. Their levitation heights are measured under different current frequencies and amplitudes. The experiment results are consistent with the numerical simulations.Then, the source of the electromagnetic torque is analyzed, and the influences of the current frequency, current amplitude, wall thickness of the rotor, material of the rotor and arrangements of the coils on the torque are discussed. Three aluminum alloy rotors with different wall thicknesses are fabricated and used in the rotation experiments. The rotation speeds are measured under different current frequencies and amplitudes, and the maximum rotation speed of 27000rpm is achieved.Subsequently, the stability of the rotor is analyzed, and a solution for improving the stability is proposed. A cylindrical bearing housing is inserted in the center of the rotation coils, and spiral grooves with W-shape are designed on the outer surface of the rotor wall. In this study, the software ANSYS Fluent is used to optimize the dimensions of the spiral grooves, and influences of the spiral grooves on the electromagnetic torque are analyzed. By comparing between the experiments with the bearing housing, it is found that the rotation stability of the rotor with spiral grooves is better than the rotor without spiral grooves. However, the maximum rotation speed of the rotor with the spiral grooves is about 21500rpm, which is lower than that of the rotor without spiral grooves in the same wall thickness.Finally, the characteristics of the electromagnetic levitation and rotation of a thin-walled hollow spherical aluminum alloy rotor is explored preliminarily, by the numerical calculations and experiments, it is found that the spherical rotor can be levitated and be run. The maximum speed is about 3300rpm in the experiments due to the limitations of the structures of the stator coils and bearing used in this study.