电磁耦合能量传输在便携式消费电子、电动汽车和有源植入式医疗器械等行业有广泛的应用，在这些应用中广泛使用的金属层状介质导致能量传输性能恶化。本文结合建模仿真和实验验证，研究金属层状介质对能量传输特性的影响规律，以及抑制金属层状介质涡流效应的方法，主要工作如下：（1）基于电磁耦合能量传输的等效电路模型和电磁场仿真模型，研究了金属层状介质对能量传输特性的影响规律，发现了优化性能的关键参数。基于等效电路模型，显式分析了金属层状介质影响能量传输的机制，以及无金属介质环境和金属层状介质环境下线圈匝数、线圈阻抗、金属介质电导率、金属介质厚度、负载阻抗、系统频率和耦合位置等参数对能量传输性能的影响规律；基于电磁场仿真模型，定量计算系统参数，验证等效电路模型的分析结论，明确了决定金属层状介质影响机制的重要因素，以及优化能量传输性能的关键参数，并仿真研究了多层金属介质环境下的能量传输特性，最后，实验验证上述结论。（2）系统研究了抑制金属层状介质在电磁耦合能量传输中的涡流效应的方法，发现了分形图案切槽对涡流效应的明显抑制效果。基于金属层状介质涡流效应的影响因素，先从物理角度研究了优化金属层状介质的电导率、相对磁导率、厚度和尺寸，以及优化系统频率和磁感应强度等参数以抑制涡流效应的方法，揭示了这些方法抑制涡流效应的机理；再从几何角度研究了结合分形几何设计沟槽的切槽方法，探讨了分形图案的优化，进一步研究了多层金属介质环境下分形图案切槽的抑制方法；最后，实验验证分形图案切槽对涡流效应的抑制结果。（3）研究了高电导率金属层状介质调控电磁环境的方法，有效抑制了植入式装置可充电电池的充电温升。将该方法和分形图案切槽抑制涡流效应的方法、以及金属层状介质环境下能量传输的耦合规律应用于可充电脑起搏器的设计，提出了针对有源植入式医疗应用的以接收效率和传输效率为优化目标的优化方案，给出了接收线圈匝数、补偿电容和系统频率的匹配选择方法，优化了电路板内电层的分形图案和电池的局部电磁环境。可充电脑起搏器历经动物实验、临床实验，验证了系统的可靠性。
Electromagnetic coupling energy transmission (ECET) is promising in various applications such as portable consumer electronics, electric vehicles and active implantable medical devices (AIMD). The widespread use of thin metal sheets results in worse energy transfer performance. By means of model simulation and experimental verification, this dissertation focuses on how the metals influence ECET and how to minimize the influence. The main work is as follows: (1) Based on the equivalent circuit model and electromagnetic simulation model of ECET, how the metals would impact the energy transfer performance was investigated, and the key parameters of optimizing the performance were figured out. Firstly, the influence mechanisms of the metals on ECET, and the influence rules of coil turns, coil resistance, medium conductivity, medium thickness, load, frequency and coupling position on ECET, were examined explicitly with the circuit model. These were verified by the simulation model with quantitatie calculation. Then, the key factors of determining the metals’ influence mechanism and the key parameters of optimizing the energy transfer performance were presented. Studies on ECET across multilayer metals were also done. Lastly, these were verified by the experiments.(2) The ways to suppress the eddy currents of the metal sheets were also studied, among which ectching the metal sheets into fractal patterns can effectively suppress the eddy currents. Based on the analysis of affecting factors, optimizing the conductivity, relative permeability, thichness and size of the metal sheet, the frequency and magnetic strength of the ECET system tosuppress the eddy currents, were firstly examined in the physical view. The suppression mechnism was then revealed. In the geometrical view, the approach of etching the metal sheets into fractal patterns was then discussed. The optimization of the fractal patterns was also investigated. Moreover, how to suppress the eddy currents in multilayer metal sheets was discussed. Lastly, these were verified by the experiments. (3) The approach of regulating electromagnetic environment by high conductive metal sheets was presented, which effectively reduced the temperature rise of the implanted rechargeable battery. This approach was applied to a rechargeable deep brain stimulator as well as etching the metal sheets into fractal patterns and optimizing the key system parameters. An optimized design of the receiving system was proposed with the energy receiving efficiency and transfer efficiency as the primary and secondary optimization goal. A matching selection approach for load impedance, compensating capacitance and frequency was presented. The fractal pattern was designed based on the actual metal shape. The local electromagnetic environment of the battery was also optimized. The rechargeable deep brain stimulator was tested in animal studies and clinical trials, and was authorized with the registration certificate from the CFDA. The reliability was verified by the experiences of over ten thousand times of charging.
