旨在回答自组织发展差异性的经验问题和自组织过程中的信任演化机制理论问题，本研究从社会网络理论出发，将网络结构信任作为信任转化与演变的概念工具和分析框架，并建构了网络结构信任受社会资本存量、能人、诱因提供、规则四要素影响的研究架构。依据网络规模是否扩大、网络结构是否形成圈子的划分标准，本研究从四种理论类型中各选择一个乡村社区自组织典型案例，同时附加两个辅助案例，对网络结构信任建立、破坏机制进行实证分析。总结既有研究，本研究概括出网络结构信任四要素包含的十一个个细分要素，分别是社会资本存量、能人类型、能人诱因、参与者诱因、内外部诱因及变化、操作规则是否均分、集体选择规则是否稳定、集体选择规则是否公开透明、制度供给是否稳定、产权是否稳定、产权是否明确。其中，社会资本存量增加、社会能人持续性在场、能人持长期公共诱因、参与者持长期诱因、自组织具有内部诱因、操作规则均分、集体选择规则稳定且公开透明、制度供给稳定、产权界定稳定且清晰会通过影响关系和网络结构而起到促进网络结构信任生成和发展的作用，反之则会起到破坏作用。自组织过程的网络结构信任研究在五个方面进行理论对话和研究创新。自治理研究方面，与奥斯特罗姆对话，将自组织过程中信任建立、破坏的微观机制丰富化和具体化。信任研究方面，提出了沟通人际信任和小团体制度信任的中观维度概念，网络结构信任可为信任转变与演化提供概念工具和分析框架。自组织研究方面，诱因提供要素的补充可进一步完善自组织治理运作机制/过程的理论架构。社会组织研究方面，信任演化的内部视角可为解释经验现象分化提供新路径。实践方面，对自组织运营、探索社会管理创新具有参考、借鉴意义。

Aiming to answer the empirical issue of why self-organizations have different development trend and the theoretical question of trust mechanisms in the process of self-organizing, reference to social network theories, this article puts forward to take social network structural trust as mediation between interpersonal trust and institutional trust to provide conceptual tool and analytical framework by constructing a theoretical model that social capital, capable persons, incentives provision, rules as social network structural trust’ four factors. According to whether the network scale expands and whether the social network structure forms a “guanxi” circle, this study divides the self-organizations into four types, which are network scale expands with “guanxi” circle, network scale keeps stable with “guanxi” circle, network scale expands without “guanxi” circle and network scale keeps stable without “guanxi” circle. The empirical mechanism analysis of trust establishment and destruction is operated by selecting a typical case from each type and add two cases to support the analysis.Research finds out that the four factors include eleven indicators, which are amount of social capital, type of capable persons, the incentives of capable persons, the incentives of participants, and the internal or external incentives of self-organizations, whether the operating rules are equal division, whether the collective choice rules are clear and stable, whether the system supply is stable, whether the definition of property rights is stable, whether the definition of property rights is clear. Furthermore, the study find that those self-organizations whose social capital increases, social capable persons are present persistently, participants hold long-term incentives, with internal incentives, equal division, the collective choice rules keep stable and transparent, the system supply keeps stable, definition of property rights is stable and clear, their social network structural trust is more likely to establish, develop and increase because their positive effect to social ties and social network structure. On the contrary, those self-organizations whose social capital decreases, social capable persons are absent temporarily or permanently, capable persons hold short and private incentives, participants hold short-term incentives, the incentives of self-organization has not been internalized, unequal division, the collective choice rules changes and are not transparent, the system supply changes, definition of property rights changes and is not clear, their social network structural trust is more likely to decrease and be destroyed.This study tries to dialogue with different theories and have innovations in five aspects. In terms of self-governance research, this study dialogue with Ostrom's self-governance theory, to rich and specific the microscopic mechanism of trust establishment and destruction in the process of self-organizing. In terms of trust research, this study proposes the concept of social network structural trust to communicate interpersonal trust and institutional trust, so as to provide a conceptual framework and analytical tools to trust evolution analysis. In terms of self-organizing process research, this study proposes that incentives provision is one of the factors affect social network structural trust, which has the function of supplementing and improving the theoretical framework of self-governance operating mechanism or process. In terms of social organizations research, the internal perspective of trust evolution provides a new way to explain empirical phenomena differentiation. In terms of practice, this study is helpful to operate self-organizations and explore innovation in social management.