本论文以明清时期的园记为主要材料，从园林中水的空间单元切入，来研究园林的造境。本论文以“境”的概念来理解造园，认为园林由许多个不同的境构成，境具有明确的空间范围，境通过对景物的组织给人带来特定的感受。本论文探究造境的结构，从范例中提炼造境模式，期望给现代设计带来帮助。本论文从明清文人的集录、地方志、风土记录和已有园记选集等文献中搜集园记，并进行系统的筛选，最终精选出40例范例。并从背景研究、文字对译、空间系统、特征经营四个方面展开深入的案例解析。形成两方面的成果：一是40个范例的解读和时空背景资料整理；二是探究明清园记中精彩的境的造境逻辑结构，将其提炼为模式。本论文共7章，分为四个部分。第一部分为研究综述，讲述研究概念和方法。第二部分介绍范例筛选过程，概述其时代、空间、人文背景。第三部分归纳了水体在园境中表现出的九大造境特征。第四部分分别从用山、用生物、用天象、用建筑四方面，通过详细的案例分析，展现园林水境的造境结构和模式。希望通过这些分析，可以展现明清水境设计的一部分面貌。附录部分，是这40个范例的原文标注和对译，希望能对相关的研究工作提供一些参考。

This paper focuses on the designing method of the landscapes which contains the gardening literature of Ming-Qing dynasties. In order to understand this designing method, we take the concept ‘Jing’, which comes from classical literary theory. A garden consists of several ‘Jing’. Each ‘Jing’ is specific in space and creats scenic picture to bring people a specific sensation. We explore internal logic in these scenic picture, and refine it into ‘Pattern’.We collect gardening literature from corpus, chronicles, local records and so on, and we finally get a selection of 40 examples. We carry out an analysis to these examples from 4 aspects: background study, text translation, scenic space and specific sensation. That come to a two-aspects result: for one thing, we get complete information of 40 examples; for another we get to know how these spaces work to exert a specific sensation to people.This paper consists of 7 chapters, divided into 4 parts. The first part is general introduction to our research. The second part involves detailed background of the 40 selected exsamples. In the third part we discuss the nine features of water in the landscape. In the fourth part, we bring out thorough analysis of examples. We hope that, these analysis will help people understand the waterscape design.In the appendix, we offer a selection of those 40 examples with notes and text translation. We hope it could be useful to other researchers.