近年来航站楼、客站等高大空间建筑蓬勃发展，其室内热源状况复杂、采用常规空调系统时运行能耗显著偏高，降低其能耗对推进建筑节能工作具有重要意义。室内热量采集过程是构建适宜空调系统的基础，其基本任务是通过对流、辐射等方式排除室内热量来满足室内热环境调节需求。本文从热量传递视角出发对高大空间室内热量采集过程的特性进行了深入研究，同时关注“热量”和“温度品位”对系统的影响；针对辐射末端处理高温壁面和瞬时太阳辐射热量等关键环节进行了细致分析，在此基础上构建了辐射地板与置换送风结合的新型分层空调。结合高大空间室内热源特点，采用热学参数火积定义的传递热阻给出了各传热环节和整体传递特性的定量描述方法。从热量采集过程的目标——减少传热量和提高冷源温度出发，明确了定温类和定热流类不同特性热源传热过程的优化方向，形成了以选取适宜末端方式为基础的高大空间空调系统指导原则。对传统喷口送风方式和辐射对流混合方式中各类热源的传热过程和热阻特性进行了分析和比较，结合两种方式对人员体感温度影响的特征系数，剖析了辐射末端在处理高温壁面传热和瞬时太阳辐射热量等显热过程的优势。采用热阻方法分析辐射末端与室内不同热源以及埋管内冷水的整体换热过程，给出了室内表面材料发射率变化时的长波辐射换热系数和辐射板热阻等关键参数，为计算辐射板表面换热量和温度提供了简便方法；针对高大空间中瞬时强太阳辐射对辐射末端的影响，根据周期性蓄热-释热过程的分析，定义了辐射末端在太阳辐射期间的等效热阻来反映其动态性能，将太阳辐射的瞬态过程与室内其他热源的稳态换热过程统一分析。最后，基于辐射末端换热特性的分析，构建了辐射地板与置换送风结合的新型空调方式，并对其热量采集过程各个环节的热阻特性进行优化分析。通过西安机场航站楼典型高大空间的实际应用和测试分析表明，该辐射-对流混合的热量采集方式可在高大空间建筑中形成仅对人员活动区域进行调控的分层空调，利用辐射地板主要承担高温壁面传热和瞬时太阳辐射热量，排热所需的冷源温度较传统空调7°C冷水大幅提高，系统的整体运行能耗比传统喷口送风方式降低30%以上。本文工作初步建立了从传递视角分析室内热量采集过程的理论框架，为构建合理的末端方式、提高系统性能提供了有效的热学分析方法和理论支撑。

In recent years, large space building (such as the airport terminal and railway station) has been built in many cities. As the interior heat sources are complicated, it requires significantly higher energy consumption with conventional air conditioning system, so it is of great significance to promoting energy efficiency to reduce the energy use. Indoor heat collection process is the basis of the air conditioning system, whose basic task is to exclude the interior heat by convection, radiation etc. to meet the needs of indoor thermal environmental regulation. From the perspective of heat transfer, this paper conducts in-depth research on the characteristics of indoor heat collection process in large spaces, and focuses on the impact of "heat" and "temperature grade" on the system; conducts a detailed analysis against the radiant cooling terminal for high temperature wall and instantaneous solar heat radiation, on this basis, to build a new stratified air conditioning which combines radiant floor with displacement ventilation.According to the characteristics of interior heat resource in large spaces, this paper provides the quantitative description method for various heat transfer processes with heat resistance which is derived from the thermal parameter Entransy. Based on the target in the heat acquisition process - reducing heat quantity and improving the cold source temperature, it defines the optimal direction of heat transfer process of different heat sources such as fixed temperature type and constant heat flux, and develops guidelines of the appropriate terminals. It analyzes and compares the heat transfer processes and thermal resistance properties of the traditional jet ventilation system and radiant cooling system; based on characteristic coefficients of the operative temperature impacted by these two methods, analyzes the advantages of radiant cooling terminal in the treatment of heat transfer through high temperature wall and instantaneous solar heat radiation.Thermal resistance method is adopted to analyze the overall heat transfer among radiant terminal, interior heat source and chilled water, and defines key parameters such as the long-wave radiation heat transfer coefficient and radiant panel’s heat resistance, which develops a simple way to calculate the cooling capacity and surface temperature of the radiant panel. Based on the impact of the instantaneous strong solar radiation on the radiant panel in large space, according to the analysis of the periodic heat storage - heat release process, the dynamic performance of the radiation panel is reflected by its equivalent dynamic thermal-resistance during solar radiation, and conducts an unified analysis of the transient process of solar radiation and steady-state heat transfer.Finally, based on the analysis of heat transfer characteristics of the radiation cooling terminal, this paper proposes a new air conditioning way which combines radiant floor and displacement ventilation and conducts a analysis to optimize the thermal characteristics of the heat acquisition process. The practical application and test analysis of typical large spaces in an airport terminal show that the radiation - convection heat collection is a way to form stratified air conditioning which can adjust the thermal requirement for the occupied zone only while the upper space of the large space is not conditioned. The radiant floor is mainly responsible for the high temperature wall heat transfer and instantaneous solar radiation heat, which requires a cold source temperature much higher than 7°C; the overall energy consumption of the system is over 30% less than the traditional jet ventilation system.This paper establishes an initial theoretical framework for the transfer analysis of indoor heat acquisition process, and provides an effective thermal analysis methods and theoretical support for constructing reasonable air-conditioning method and improving system performance.