毛泽东革命英雄主义是毛泽东在领导中国共产党和中国人民进行新民主主义革命和社会主义革命与建设过程中所展示出的精神风貌与气派，曾经对中国革命与建设产生过举足轻重的影响，但是长期以来并未受到学术界足够的重视，虽有个别研究涉及到这方面的内容，但系统而深入的专门研究尚不多见。本文参考学术界已有的相关研究成果，在认真研读原始文献的基础上，以大跃进为重点，对毛泽东革命英雄主义的形成及其来源、毛泽东革命英雄主义的内涵与表现、影响等进行了较为系统的探析。本文认为，毛泽东革命英雄主义既继承了中国古典英雄主义的传统，又具备了现代无产阶级革命、共产主义运动的世界视野和终极目标。“大跃进”期间是毛泽东革命英雄主义体现最为典型、最为清晰的时期。“大跃进”从发端到结束是毛泽东革命英雄主义的整体演绎，是导致“大跃进”进程中一个个相互关联的事件的内在驱动力和最终结果的因由。本文进一步认为，毛泽东革命英雄主义包括以下四个相互联系的层次：一是在为民族独立和人民解放而进行的疾风暴雨式的革命基础上形成的奋斗抗争式英雄主义，它延展到大跃进这场社会主义建设运动，成为大跃进得以推进的心理基础；二是以强国富民、民族复兴为梦想的追梦式理想英雄主义，它成为大跃进能够发生发展的内在根本动力；三是以济世救民、以天下为己任为特征的大慈大悲责任式英雄主义，它成为大跃进以苦为乐，大干快上的精神支撑；四是以社会主义和国际主义为导向的共产主义英雄主义，它使共产主义成为毛泽东发动大跃进的终极目标。总之，大跃进从发动到结束都与毛泽东革命英雄主义有着密不可分的关系，革命英雄主义为大跃进的发动提供了心理基础、前进动力、精神支撑，大跃进则为毛泽东革命英雄主义演绎提供了一个独特的历史舞台，毛泽东通过大跃进再次确证和实践了自己的革命英雄主义。最后，本文还对毛泽东革命英雄主义在大跃进中造成失误的原因及其启示等进行了探讨，认为脱离中国国情、未能严格尊重科学规律、过于高估主观能动性等，是造成毛泽东革命英雄主义在大跃进中未能像在革命战争时期那样发挥同样积极作用的主要原因，其教训值得引起今人的重视，但无论如何，不应因此而全盘否定毛泽东革命英雄主义在中国现当代历史上所发挥的重要作用，从总体上来看，毛泽东的革命英雄主义是中华民族的一份宝贵遗产，值得我们珍惜。
Mao Zedong’s revolutionary heroism, embodying the mental outlooks and imposing manners of this great leader of the CPC and the Chinese people in the course of the New Democratic Revolution as well as the Socialist Revolution and Construction, has significant impact on the Chinese revolution and construction, whereas it has never received enough attention from the academic circle. Although some studies touch upon this aspect, there are still very few systematic and intensive studies about this subject. On the basis of carefulperusal of the source materials and consulting the existing research papers and works on this subject,thisthesismakes a systematic investigation into the formation, origin, connotation, as well as characteristics and influences of Mao’s revolutionary heroism, with focus on the “Great Leap Forward”. This thesis suggests that Mao’s revolutionary heroism has not only inherited the tradition of Chinese classical heroism, but also covered the world outlook and ultimate goals of modern proletarian revolutions and communist movements. Mao’s revolutionary heroism was demonstrated most typically and clearlyduring the “Great Leap Forward”, which completely exhibited Mao ’sheroism from its beginning to the end. Thus, Mao’s revolutionary heroism was the intrinsic driving force of the various related events and the essential cause of the final outcome of the “Great Leap Forward”. Furthermore, it suggests that Mao’s revolutionary heroism may be divided into four interrelated levels. Firstly, heroismof struggle-and-contention, which was formed during the violent revolutionary wars, extends to the “Great Leap Forward” and becomesits psychological foundation. Secondly, heroismof national dream of power and strength, which aims at making the country strong and people wealthy and rejuvenating the nation, is internal and fundamental impetus for the initiation and development of the “Great Leap Forward”. Thirdly, heroism of infinite compassion and mercy, which insists on taking the responsibility to assist the compatriots and bring comfort to the common people, provides mental support for the “Great Leap Forward”, during which people took pleasure in pains and strove to move forward quickly. Fourthly, socialist and internationalist heroism, which orients towards communism, becomes the ultimate goal of the Mao-initiated“Great Leap Forward”. All in all, the “Great Leap Forward” was closely associated with Mao’s revolutionary heroism from its beginning to the end. As mental foundation and motivation for initiating the “Great Leap Forward”, revolutionary heroism provided mental support for this movement as well. Meanwhile, the “Great Leap Forward” made a unique historical platform available for presenting Mao ’s revolutionary heroism. Mao re-confirmed and practiced his revolutionary heroism through the “Great Leap Forward”. Finally, this thesis discusses causes and lessons of the mistakes resulting fromMao ’s revolutionary heroism during the “Great Leap Forward”. Deviation from national conditions of China, failure to strictly conform to scientific rules and overestimation of subjective initiatives, among other factors, are thought to be the main causes why Mao’s revolutionary heroism didnot function as successfully in the “Great Leap Forward”as in the revolutionary wars. These lessons deserve attention. Nevertheless, it is inadvisable to completely negate the important role Mao’s revolutionary heroism played in the modern history of China. On the whole, Mao’s revolutionary heroism is a precious heritage of China, worthy to be treasured.
