帕金森病是一种常见于中老年人的神经系统疾病，随着中国老龄化的加深，中国的帕金森病患者逐年增加。目前治疗帕金森病最有效的方法是立体定向手术与服药相结合，而立体定向手术的手术效果在很大程度上是由目标靶点核团定位的准确度决定的，微电极记录技术（MER）被认为是目前最准确的靶点定位方法，在临床中多采用MER技术与MRI图像相结合的方法进行定位。随着立体定向手术特别是脑深部电刺激术在治疗帕金森病中的应用越来越多，术中记录微电极作为微电极记录系统中最重要的耗材，需求量也越来越大。目前临床中使用的术中记录微电极产品都是由国外的医疗设备公司生产的，价格相对较高，增加了手术费用，患者的负担加重；另外，由于购买术中记录微电极时需要从国外订购，购买周期很长，有时医院会面临没有术中记录微电极可用的状况。因此本研究任务希望借鉴已有的术中记录微电极产品，在术中记录微电极的功能需求分析的基础上，设计并制备一种性能符合使用要求、成本相对较低、加工工艺较为简单的术中记录微电极。本论文首先对目前市场上已有的几种术中记录微电极进行了分析对比，找出它们各自的优缺点并进行借鉴，然后对术中记录微电极在使用时需要完成的功能及现有微电极记录系统对术中记录微电极的参数要求进行调研，在充分调研的基础上完成对本研究任务所要制备的术中记录微电极的结构设计，并根据所设计的术中记录微电极的各部分的结构特点及功能要求完成对材料的选择。根据所选择的材料的性能以及所设计的术中记录微电极各部分的结构特点，对制作术中记录微电极的工艺方法进行调研和探索，特别是针电极尖端的制备、派拉伦涂层的涂覆、针电极针尖涂层的去除以及术中记录微电极的装配四个对术中记录微电极性能有较大影响的关键工艺步骤。在调研的基础上通过不断地探索，最终完成了整根术中记录微电极的制作。对完成的术中记录微电极进行机械性能和电学性能测试，并对实验结果进行了评估。实验结果表明，根据本论文提出的术中记录微电极的工艺流程制作的术中记录微电极，其性能符合使用要求。
Parkinson’s disease is a common neurological disease in the elderly. With the deepening of aging in China, the number of people with Parkinson’s disease increases year by year in China. The most effective way to treat Parkinson’s disease is a stereotactic surgey combined with medicine, while the surgical effect of stereotactic surgey is largely determined by the objective target nuclei positioning accuracy. The microelectrode recording is considered as the most accurate target positioning method. In clinical application, combining MRI image with MER is the most common method to positioning.With the stereotactic surgery especially deep brain electrical stimulation more and more applicated in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, the intraoperative recording microelectrode, which is the most important consumables of the microelectrode recording system, has a growing demand. Currently the intraoperative recording microelectrodes used in the clinical application are produced by foreign medical equipment company, and the price is relatively high, increasing the surgery cost. In addition, due to the purchase of the intraoperative recording microelectrode from abroad, the buying cycle is very long, and sometimes the hospital will face no intraoperative recording microelectrode available. Therefore, this study hopes to learn from existing intraoperative recording microelectrodes and the analysis of the functional requirements of the microelectrode recording system, design and manufacture a intraoperative recording microelectrode, which needs lower cost, more simple fabrication process and meets the requirements of practical usage.In this thesis, first of all, I analyzed the existing several kinds of intraoperative recording microelectrode on the market at present, finding out their respective advantages and disadvantages for reference. Then I investigated the needed function of the intraoperative recording microelectrode and the requirements of the existing microelectrode recording system to the microelectrode. On the basis of sufficient research, I completed the structural design of the microelectrode and selection of the materials to manufacture the microelectrode according to the structural of the microelectrode.According to the properties of the selected materials and the structure characteristics of the microelectrode, I investigated and explored the fabrication process of the microelectrode, especially the preparation of the probe microelectrode’s tip, the Parylene-C coating process, the removal of the coating on the probe microelectrode’s tip and the assembly of the microelectrode, which have a great influence on the performance of the microelectrode. On the basis of investigation, I explored constantly and completed the manufacture of the microelectrode finally.I tested the mechanical properties and the electrical performance of the microelectrode, andevaluated the results of the experiments. The experimental results show that the performance of the microelectrode manufactured according to the fabrication process in this thesis meet the usage requirements.
