本文通过王世贞的《弇山园记》研究晚明江南第一名园弇山园。以园记为依据提供园林空间信息，从文字园林重构图像园林，目的是使建构的景象空间最大限度还原园记中的场景，使游园之人有园记描述中同样的心理感受。研究从背景资料、平面绘制、空间系统和景象单元四个方面展开：?背景研究。对王世贞和弇山园的初步考据。主人的经历与文艺素养、弇山园营建先后过程及影响、相关弇园的诗文图卷记载成为该园完整的研究素材，考据真实客观的反映了当时园林的空间信息。?平面绘制。平面绘制分为文字整理、拆解和重构三个阶段。文字整理：通过多方文献和图卷考据参照，对园记提供的有效空间信息进行提取；分步拆解：整园空间分区---区域单元拆解---单元成分要素；重构：单元主景定位---元素组合布局---路径次序连接---景观花木配置---推测补白。?空间系统。对重构的弇园空间以造山、理水、花木、路径四个主体进行空间系统层次的分析，从特征、类型、形态、布局、意匠和活动几个方面展开研究。?景象单元。选择景观效果突出的单元进一步研究，从空间成分、组织、效果三个方面对单元营造意匠进行论述。因此，本文的主要内容集中在文字园林向空间园林的重构、空间系统的层级分析以及景象单元的意匠研究三个部分。从文字园林向图卷园林的讨论集中在平面绘制过程，空间系统是从结构层级上对重构的园林进行分析，景象单元则是针对产生的印象意境展开解析。弇山园空间造景的研究对当代建筑外部空间营造具有意义，首先源于明代江南园林是我国造园史上的成熟时期，而弇山园本身在晚明又具有高度的评价；其次，主人王世贞的文学造诣深厚，对品鉴园林有深刻的认识，《弇山园记》是自园记，描述的空间信息具有权威性；第三，弇山园是大型的文人私园，建成之后对公共开放，可对公共空间的设计提供借鉴。
Based on the “Yanshan Gardening literature” by Wang Shizhen, this paper studies the most famous garden of Jiangnan in the late Ming dynasty.According to the spatial information provide by “Gardening literature”, we rebuilt the garden scenes. It is a creative copy. Intended to enable the spaces that we reconstructed matches the text most closely, making visitors have the same feelings of the description. The research has four aspects: background information, plan reconstruct, space system, and space unit.?Background Information: Textual research of Wang Shizhen and his Yanshan Garden.Master's experience and preference help us to rebuild gardens by complementing the hidden aesthetic psychology. Documents and images are the more objective spatial information.?Plan Reconstruct: It has three stages, sort out data, disassemble and reconstruction. Sort out data: Through the literature and images, extracted spatial information effectively. Disassemble: the overall structure, space unit, and ingredient. Reconstruction: the main view orientation, elements layout, path connection, plant configuration, and speculate supplement.?Space System: the analysis of new plan is carried out in four aspects, creating mountains, digging ponds, planting and connecting path. Study the characteristics, type, shape, layout, artistic conception and activities of Yanshan Garden.?Space Unit: Narrow scope of the study to the scene space, discussing the composition, organization and effectiveness.The main content of this article focused on the reconstruction of the garden space, space systems-level analysis and scene unit conception. Drawing plane from the text garden to the image one is completed. Space System analyzes the hierarchy of reconstructed garden. Scene Unit researches the impression and Artistic Conception.The study of reconstruction landscape in Yanshan Garden is meaningful. It improves the exterior space of contemporary building. First, the Ming Dynasty is the mature stage of garden history. Yanshan Garden has received high marks in the late Ming. Secondly, the owner has a profound literary attainments and good tastes of appreciate. “Yanshan Gardening literature” wrote his own garden, description of spatial information is authoritative. Third, Yanshan is a large private garden, it open to public after the completion. It can provide reference to the design of public space.
