相比于传统生物成像技术，光学相干层析成像具有对人体无损伤，成像速度快，三维成像，分辨率高，穿透深度深等特点，因此在其提出之后得到了非常快速的发展。近年来，光学相干层析成像技术由时域OCT技术，发展为成像速度更快的频域OCT技术，其中，扫频OCT系统更加适合人体吸收率较低的1300nm波段。目前，使用了频域模式锁定的扫频OCT系统把光源的扫频速度从~1kHz提高到了~100kHz以至~MHz，并大大提高了光源的输出功率。最新出现的光频梳结构傅里叶域模式锁定扫频激光源相对于传统扫频光源具有明显更长的相干长度，具有相当高的研究价值。论文对基于助推光学放大器的环形腔结构扫频激光源进行了实验搭建和性能测试。助推光学放大器具有增益谱较宽和饱和输出功率高等特点，能够使光源的结构得到简化，输出功率得到提高。搭建完成的基于BOA的FDML结构激光源扫描频率为44.9978kHz，光源输出中心波长为1315nm，谱宽为110nm，光源输出平均功率为28mW。同时，针对FDML结构中正向扫描成像质量差的问题，利用方波对助推光学放大器的泵浦电流进行调制，完成了正向扫描信号的消去和反向扫描信号的延时和叠加工作，搭建了倍频激光源，将光源提供的A-Scan速率提高到90kHz，光源中心波长1316nm，带宽为107nm，平均输出功率为2mW。利用光相干层析成像系统对光源进行测试，系统的纵向分辨率为12.9μm。论文建立了光频梳频域模式锁定激光器的理论模型，给出了光频梳频域模式锁定激光器的时域输出仿真结果。在该理论模型下，本文结合仿真结果得到了光频梳频域模式锁定激光器的输出功率表达式，并给出了输出波形和可调谐滤波器带宽与光频梳自由光谱区宽度的比率的关系。最后，结合SS-OCT系统的相干长度测量模型进一步揭示了该比率与基于光频梳频域模式锁定激光器的光学相干层析成像系统的相干长度的关系。

Compared to the traditional biological imaging method, optical coherence tomography has lots of advantages, such as no injury, fast in imaging speed, three-dimensional imaging , high resolution, deep penetration depth and other characteristics. In recent years, OCT technology has developed from time domain OCT to fourier domain OCT, whose scanning rate is much more faster. In FD-OCT, SS-OCT is more suitable for 1300nm swept laser, which has a lower absorb rate in human tissues. Nowadays, the use of frequency domain mode-lock swept source increases the sweep rate of the swept source OCT system from ~ 1kHz to ~ 100kHz or even ~ MHz, and increases the output power of the light source. Compared to the traditional FDML swept laser, a new Frequency-Comb FDML laser has a much longer coherence length.In this thesis, an FDML laser based on BOA is built and tested. BOA has broad bandwidth and high saturation power, which can simplify the laser’s structure and improve the output power. The sweep rate of FDML laser source is set up to 44.9978kHz. The center wavelength of the output light is 1315nm. The spectral width of the source is 110nm. The average output power is 28mW. Meanwhile, a Buffered FDML laser is built in this thesis, improving the A-scan rate to about 90kHz. The center wavelength of the Buffered FDML laser source is 1316nm. The spectral width is 107nm and the average output power is 2mW. The resolution of the OCT system using Buffered FDML laser source is 12.9μm.In this thesis, a theoretical model of frequency comb FDML laser is established and the simulation result of time domain output power of the FC-FDML laser is given. In this theoretical model, we discuss the output power of FC-FDML laser, and the coherence length of FC-FDML laser is demonstrated.