油田开发中，机械采油系统效率是一个重要的开发指标。机采电耗成本在生产总成本中占很大比例。提高机械采油系统效率是降低生产成本的重要手段之一。 本文从机采系统效率的组成及测试分析方法入手，讨论了各种测试方法，分析比较了各自的优缺点。提出对于纯抽井，应当用常规法来进行测试分析；而对于带喷井，则应当用抽油量法。利用节点分析法，对电机效率，皮带传动效率，抽油机传动效率，抽油杆效率，泵效率等低下的原因进行了分析，分析了影响机采效率的敏感性因素，找出了影响机采效率的主要因素——泵效。 开展了提高机采系统效率技术研究，机采效率组成的各个节点，是提高总效率的研究攻关方向。进行了机采井抽汲参数优化设计研究，合理配置生产设备，优化设计机采系统生产参数。进行了抽油机平衡计算研究，提出了新的抽油机平衡标准，即扭矩平衡，并进一步给出了抽油机最佳平衡位置的计算方法。进行了热采井吞吐周期内变化规律研究，绘制了热采井机采效率周期变化规律曲线。研究了联组变频测控技术，提高了电机效率，同时也提高了自动化操作水平，降低了劳动强度。常规机采系统效率计算方法忽略了原油举升过程中沿程阻力损失，把抽油机克服沿程阻力所做的功视为无用功，是不够严谨的。本文提出了修正的机采效率计算方法，为精确计算机采系统效率提供了依据。开发了采油工艺优化设计软件。 多措并举，现场应用了多种提高机采系统效率的配套技术，实施了机采抽汲参数优化设计技术应用；抽油机平衡计算方法应用；配套了抽油机联组变频技术；配套实施了节能抽油设备和技术，包括防窃电节能配套装置，高转矩永磁电机；配套实施了稠油开发挖潜增效技术，包括热采井的注汽优化设计，转抽技术应用，汽窜治理，出砂治理等技术。对实施这些配套技术的经济效益也作了详细的分析，计算了投入产出等情况。最后给出了结论，指出井楼油田机采效率低下的原因，提出利用PMTS2.0机采效率测试仪来进行效率测试，为今后继续开展机采效率工作提供支持。

On the oil field development, the efficiency of mechanical recovery system is an important development indexes. The cost of energy consumption accounted for a large proportion in the total cost of production in the mining machine. To improve the efficiency of mechanical recovery system is one of the most important means to reduce the cost of production. In this paper starting with the composition and the test methods of the efficiency of mechanical recovery system, discussed the various test methods, analyzed and compared their advantages and disadvantages. The pure pumped well should be tested by conventional method; and the automatic eruption well should be tested with pumping method. By the nodes analyzing methods, analyzed the reason of low efficiency of the efficiency of the motor, belt transmission efficiency, pumping unit transmission efficiency, sucker rod pump efficiency and the pump efficiency, analyzed the sensitive factors affecting the efficiency, found out the main factors affecting the production efficiency -- pump efficiency. Research of improving the system efficiency is carried out, and each node of the machine production efficiency is the research direction of improving the total efficiency. The research of optimization and design of swabbing parameters of machine production well is carried out to configure the production equipment rationally, optimize and design the production parameter of machine system. Calculation research of balance of Oil pumping machine were performed, the new balance standard of oil pumping machine was proposed, the torque balance standard., and gives the calculating method of optimum balance of oil pumping machine. The circle changing laws of the thermal production well is carried out, and the changing law curves of thermal recovery wells are drawn. The joint variable frequency control technology is developed, the efficiency of the motor is improved, the automation level is improved also, and the labor intensity is reduced. The conventional calculation method of system efficiency ignores the frictional resistance loss in the process of crude oil, and it is not strict enough to ignore the friction work. This paper presents the modified machine mining efficiency calculation method, provides the basis for accurate computer system efficiency. The production process optimization design software is developed. Using a variety of technical measures at the same time, supporting technologies are applied to improve the system efficiency, the pumping machine optimization and design technology of swabbing parameters is applied; Methods of calculating the pumping unit balance is applied; supporting the joint oil pumping machine frequency conversion technology is equipped; supporting the implementation of energy-saving oil pumping equipment and technology is put into use, including anti stealing electricity energy saving equipment, high torque of permanent magnet motor; supporting the implementation of the heavy oil development potential synergistic technology are also put into use, including the optimization design of steam injection thermal recovery wells, pumping technology, steam channeling governance, sand control technology. The implementation of these techniques and economic benefit are analyzed in detail, such as the calculation of input and output. The conclusion is given at last, points out the causes of Jinglou oilfield production low efficiency, using the PMTS2.0 device to test the efficiency, this will continue to support the work of machine system efficiency development in the future.