视频麻醉喉镜是一种应用于医疗机构麻醉科和急救科的常见医疗器械，辅助医生进行气管插管操作的重要工具。在进行全身麻醉的手术中，为了给患者建立人工通气道，以保证手术中病人的正常呼吸，麻醉医生会将一根气管导管插入到患者的声门内，在导管另一端与呼吸机相连接，从而保证患者正常呼吸。为了尽可能大的暴露患者的声门，医生将麻醉喉镜插入患者咽喉内部，通过上提喉镜，使人体咽喉部的三条解剖轴线：口轴线、喉轴线、咽轴线近似重合，进而暴露出声门。视频麻醉喉镜可以让医生从显示器上观察到咽喉内部的真实情况，进而在显示器图像的导引下，将气管导管成功插入患者的声门。视频喉镜相较于普通喉镜的优势显而易见。医生在利用普通喉镜进行气管插管时需要用眼睛直接观察患者喉部的情况，这就意味着医生需要有更多的经验才能保证插管操作的成功，同时增大了医生被患者呼吸道喷出物感染的风险。而视频喉镜的使用可以有效地提高插管操作成功率，减小医生被感染的风险。目前，我国的视频喉镜被国外进口产品垄断，大多数基层的医疗机构由于经济原因无法购买。鉴于以上现状，本论文研制开发了一款麻醉视频喉镜。完成了视频喉镜系统的结构设计和电路设计，制造出产品样机，进行了整机装配与系统测试。对于窥视片组件与手柄组件的紧固性连接这一关键点进行了仿真研究和实际的试验验证，仿真结果与试验结果均满足设计要求。在此基础上，分析了视频喉镜系统注册检验的相关标准，提出了本麻醉视频喉镜系统的注册检验标准，北京医疗器械检测所进行系统全面的检测，结果符合产品注册标准要求。本产品技术水平与国外同类产品相当，成本远远低于国外产品，能够大规模推广，对于提高我国基层医疗机构医疗设备水平、造福广大患者具有重要意义。
The video laryngoscope is a conventional medical instrument, which is used to assist doctors to intubate in the department of anesthesiology of hospital. When a patient needsl anesthetic during surgery, to availably maintain the function of his breath, doctors should introduce a tube into the glottis of the patient and connect the other end of the tube to the ventilator. To expose the glottis easily, the video laryngoscope will be inserted into the throat and pulled, the three axises of the throat will be on the same line and the glottis will be shown. Doctors can easily finish the intubation by watching the image of the glottis from the scope.Obviously, the video laryngoscope has much advantage than the conventional laryngoscope. When using a conventional laryngoscope, doctors should watch the patient’s throat directly. Due to lacking of protection, doctors will be exposed to the risk of infection by the secretion from the patient’s respiratory. Fortunately, using the video laryngoscope can avoid these problems effectively and improve the successful rate in intubation. Currently, the market of video laryngoscope in China has been shared by foreign products with high price, so many hospitals in the small-medium cities could not equip such expensive products.To change the situation mentioned above, we developed a video laryngoscope. In this paper, the structural design and circuit design are described in details, the video laryngoscope was assembed tested in the lab. To evaluate the key point- tightness between the blade and the handle, the simulation research and practical experiments have been carried out. Finally, the video laryngoscope passed all items of the company standard, which was implemented by Beijing Institute of Medical Device Testing.Compared with the foreign products, our video laryngoscope has the same technical level, but a lower price. The promotion of this video laryngoscope will improve the level of the medical equipments in the small-medium cities, while more patients will benefit from it.
