微型音圈电机是物联网中便携式条码扫描终端的核心部件，与压电马达和步进马达相比，它具有结构紧凑、高聚焦速度、高加速度、高精度、可靠性高、响应快、噪音小等特点，具有广阔的市场前景。微型音圈电机是典型的光机电一体化系统，具有较高的技术门槛，与国外相比，国内的研究工作尚处于起步阶段，目前国内小批量试产的产品一致性不佳，良品率不高。本文以微型音圈电机为研究对象，从工作原理出发，基于有限元分析和实验验证结合的方法设计了VT8534M060V型微型音圈电机，并进行了方案的对比和优化。 本文从扫描模组的成像原理出发，分析了微型音圈电机的致动器作用；描述了微型音圈电机的基本结构和工作原理；讨论了目前音圈电机关键部件的不同设计类型，并根据条码扫描模组性能指标需要选择合适的技术方案。 本文分别根据牛顿运动定律、基尔霍夫定律以及安培环路定律、毕奥—沙伐定律、等效磁荷理论，对微型音圈电机的可动部和电磁元件建立了动力学理论模型和电磁场理论模型，为对弹性元件和磁性元件的有限元分析提供了理论依据；对内部各核心部件进行了设计，包括弹片、永磁铁、镜头支架等部件的材料的选择和工艺的研究；研究了决定微型音圈电机性能的多个静态、动态参数，并讨论了每个参数相应的测试方法和测试仪器。 本文基于ANSYS对微型音圈电机主要部件建立了有限元模型，对上下弹片进行刚度分析，对非标准弹片弹性系数的计算方法进行研究；对永磁铁进行磁场分析，求解了磁场强度矢量图、磁感应强度矢量图以及磁力线分布图，并对比两种设计结果，确定最佳方案，同时对另外一种方案提出优化方法。 本文以高斯计、HT-8000系列测试系统、单点式激光器和动态信号分析仪等测试仪器，对VT8534M060V型微型音圈电机永磁铁磁感应强度、聚焦动态灵敏度等重要参数进行测试，验证了有限元模型的准确性，同时对可动部共振频率、共振峰值等重要的动态参数进行测试。本文中的研究、设计、工艺以及测试方法对微型音圈电机的工程化应用有重要的指导意义。
Micro-voice coil motor is the core component of the portable scanning-terminal used in Internet of Things. It has compact structure, high speed of focusing, high acceleration, high accuracy, high reliability and fast response comparing with piezoelectric motor and stepped motor, and has broad market prospects. As a typical optical mechatronic system, it has a high technical threshold. Compared with foreign countries, domestic work is still in its infancy. Although we have small series production, there is still a large gap between domestic products and foreign ones. Domestic products’ consistency is poor and yield is not high. This paper studies micro-voice coil motor, designs VT8534M060V based on the method combined in finite element and experiment, and does optimization. This paper analyzes the micro-voice coil motor’s actuator roil based on scanning module’s imaging principle. It also describes the basic structure of micro-voice coil motor and working principle, summarizes the composition and classification of micro-voice coil motor, and according to actual needs, chooses the appropriate design. This paper establishes a theoretical model according to Newton’s Law, Kirchhoff’s Law and Ampere’s Law, Bio-Safar Law, and the equivalent magnetic theory, and then designs the core components, including springs, magnets and other parts’ choices of materials and process. This paper also discusses static, dynamic parameters, test methods and test equipment. This paper establishes finite model of main components, analyzes the stiffness of springs, and studies calculating method of elastic coefficient of non-standard spring. It also solves the magnetic field intensity vector, magnetic induction vector and magnetic flux density line maps. By comparing two designs, it determines the best solution and gives optimization method of another program. In this paper, Gauss Meter, the HT-8000 series test system, single-point laser and dynamic signal analyzers have been used to validate VT8534M060V’s finite element model, including flux density and dynamic sensitivity, and also test a variety of static parameters and dynamic parameters, including resonance frequency and peaks. The methods of researching, designing and testing mentioned in this paper would be significant in guiding the engineering application of micro-voice coil motor.
