明代北边有军事卫所建置的城市是明代建城运动中的重要组成部分，也是明代建筑史研究中不可或缺的一环。本文主要从城市平面形态与主要建筑规模两方面，根据明清地方史志，对北边卫所城市的有关建成结果和营建规制进行研究。本文首先对各地区卫所城市体系形成过程的有关史实加以梳理，明确主体是在洪武永乐朝（1368～1424年）创设成型，至嘉靖隆庆朝（1522～1572年）调整完善完成。在此基础上根据北边卫所城市群作为战备防御整体，需要形成一个应援交通的系统，其正常运行是建立在相应地区内城市分布有序、距离适当的基础之上，讨论了各地区卫所城市体系的的平面分布状况，提出以衡量军队每日行军强度的指标60里左右为基数确定卫所城市间距及分布关系。然后，通过对实例的数据统计分析，明确各地区卫所城市的城墙周回规模与其所辖军力规模是有一定对应的关系的，尤其在卫所独立建置无府州县的城市最为明确。并且，对以往有学者总结的明清城市街道网基本模式进行完善补充，基本可以将北边卫所城市中所见的全部实例归入新归纳的街道平面模式分类中。鉴于城市主要建筑存在按方位分布的社会文化现象，对公署、坛壝、学校以及城隍庙等作为建成结果的有关分布方位趋势加以考察总结，提出了一些全新观点。本文还分别对主官公署、主要坛壝和官办学校这三类北边卫所城市基于“修政教”的基本治理要求而必设的主要建筑规模特点展开研究。其中，卫、所主官公署及其对应的同城府、州、县主官公署的主要建筑规模未见系统的规制，但在实际运行中逐渐形成一定规模特征，比较实例指出主要门堂的规模开间适应主要院落功能需求，由其主官品秩确定，可随宜从简，营建中亦有相互参照的趋势。由于坛壝建设受到明代制度规范的较大影响，本文分别对社稷坛、风云雷雨山川坛、厉坛这三种主要坛壝的实例重点加以关注，从坛制、周垣规模和附属建筑等角度，考察其中的坛壝形制和平面尺度。另外，分别对府、州、县儒学和都司、卫、所儒学以及武学等官办学校有关实例展开研究，各类儒学的基本布局大致有前庙后学和庙学并列两种情况，主要建筑类型大体一致，不同等级的儒学并没有明显的建筑规模等级关系。官办学校整体受到明王朝统治者重庙轻学、重文轻武思想的影响。
North-border cities, in which military Weis or Suos are established, are important components of the City-construction Movement in Ming dynasty. Meanwhile, they are also an indispensable part of research on Ming-dynasty architectural history. The dissertation concerns itself with a study on related completion results and construct regulations of north-border We-suo cities from the following perspectives, city plane configuration and premier architectural dimension.To begin with, it makes clear the time range of the main part involved in this study, that is, founded during the years from Hongwu to Yongle(AD 1368～1424) and accomplished during the years from Jiajing to Longqing(AD 1522～1572) according to combing through relevant historical facts about the establishment of Wei-suo urban systems in various regions. On that basis, it is known that as the whole of war preparedness and defense, north-border Wei-suo cities needs to form a system of supporting traffic and normal operation of that system should be founded upon the situation that in related regions urban distribution is orderly and distance is suitable. So this dissertation discusses on plane configuration of those urban systems and indicates intervals and distributed relationships of Wei-suo cities are determined by the basic value, which is about 60 miles used as a norm for measuring everyday march intensity of troops.Moreover, it is clear that perimeters of city walls in various Wei-suo cities is definitely relevant to governed military strength, especially those cities where Wei or Suo is independently estamblished, by means of the analysis of data statistics on examples. This research further complements the basic pattern of urban streets in Ming and Qing summarized by former researchers and makes mainly all of the examples, which can be found in north-border Wei-suo cities, included among the above-mentioned classification of plane patterns. In consideration of social and cultural phenomena that permier buildings of cities are arranged in accordance with different directions, this dissertation analyzes and concludes tendencies of arranged directions of government offices, altars, schools and Town God's temples and makes some fire-new opinions.The dissertation respectively studies on the following three buildings, principal government offices, chief altars and official schools, which are obligatory in north-border Wei-suo cites according to the fundamental administerial requirement. Thereinto, architectural configuration of principal government offices of Wei and Suo and corresponding ones of prefecture, department and county located in the same city doesn’t show some systematic ordonnance. But in the actual construction of those principal government offices, definite features of architectural configuration are generally formed.Because the construction of altars is influenced greatly by Ming’s institutions, the present dissertation separately focuses on examples of Sheji Altars, Fenyun-leiyu-shanchuan Altars and Li Altars, the three chief altars, and examines their altar composition and plane dimension from perspectives of altar institution, perimeter scale and annexes.In addition, the dissertation also studies on examples of official schools, namely, Confucian schools of prefecture, department, county and Dusi, Wei, Suo as well as military schools. The main characteristics is following: he essential layout of those kinds of Confucian schools is roughly divided into two cases, tandem and parallel arrangements of temple and school; chief architectural types are almost same; there is not obvious rank relation between Confucian schools. In a word, the whole of official schools is influenced by the Ming rulers’ thinking of putting mental training above physical training.
