随着大规模互联电网的形成，以及智能电网建设的逐步开展，特别是大量新能源接入电网，电力系统的动态特性将更为复杂，各种新的仿真需求也不断出现。传统的建模与仿真工具已经不能很好地满足电力系统的需求，迫切需要发展先进的建模与仿真技术。本文在全面分析智能电网条件下电力系统建模与仿真需求的基础上，提出了基于分解协调的电力系统统一建模理论与仿真算法。论文主要工作如下：（1）从仿真数据来源、仿真对象建模以及数值算法这三个仿真基本要素出发，深入研究了智能电网条件下电力系统的建模与仿真需求，并将其归结为四大类协调问题，在此基础上提出了基于分解协调思想的统一建模与仿真解决方案。（2）通过分析各种类型DER的特性，并考虑到智能配电网拓扑结构灵活多变的特点，设计了DER和配电网之间的分解协调模型，提出了含DER的配电网潮流计算方法，实现了灵活、高效的配网潮流计算。（3）采用相分量法和对称分量法混合建模方式实现不对称电力系统的建模，设计了不对称子系统和对称子系统之间的分解协调模型，提出了不对称电力系统的潮流和故障统一分析算法以及不对称电力系统的暂稳仿真算法，解决了不对称系统的仿真问题。（4）建立了多调度中心之间协同优化的数学模型，并提出了一种分布式优化的算法。该算法将全局优化问题的求解转化为若干个子问题之间协调问题，并通过分解协调的方式进行求解。（5）建立了机电暂态仿真和电磁暂态仿真之间的分解协调模型，提出了一种新的机电/电磁暂态混合仿真算法。该算法通过对边界电压的协调可以实现机电/电磁暂态的混合仿真。本文的研究工作发展了电力系统建模与仿真的基础理论，为全面解决智能电网新形势下的电力系统建模和仿真问题提供了一个完整的系统化的解决方案。
With the establishment of large-scale interconnected power system, and the progressive development of smart grid, in particular, the large integration of renewable energy, the dynamic characteristics of power systems will be more and more complex，and variety of new simulation demands emerge continuously, which can no longer be satisfied by traditional modeling and simulation tools. Advanced modeling and simulation tools are in urgent need. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the challenge to power system modeling and simulation brought by smart grid, this dissertation proposes a unified modeling theory and simulation algorithm based on decomposition and coordination strategy. The main work focuses on five key problems as follows.(1) Considering the three requisites of simulation (data, model and numerical algorithm), an in-depth study of demands for modeling and simulation of power systems in smart grid environment is carried out. All of the demands are formulated as four kinds of decomposition and coordination problems. Then, a unified solution for modeling and simulation of power systems based on decomposition and coordination is proposed.(2) By analyzing the characteristics of various types of DER and considering the flexibility of network topology of smart distribution network, a decomposition and coordination model between DER and the distribution network is constructed. Then, a new power flow calculation method for distribution network with DER is proposed, and a flexible and efficient power flow calculation for distribution network is achieved. (3) A hybrid modeling approach which uses phase components method to model asymmetrical sub system and symmetrical components method to model symmetrical sub system is proposed. A decomposition and coordination model is established for power flow and fault studies. A transient simulation algorithm for asymmetrical power systems is also coined.(4) A mathematical model for collaborative optimization between dispatch centers is set up, and a corresponding distributed optimization algorithm is proposed. This algorithm converts the solving of the global optimization problem into the coordination of several sub-optimization problems, and solves the problem in a decomposition and coordination manner. (5) A decomposition and coordination model between electromechanical transient simulation and electromagnetic transient simulation is established, and a novel electromagnetic/electromechanical hybrid simulation algorithm is proposed. This algorithm achieves hybrid simulation by coordinating the boundary voltages.This research work develops the basic theory of power system modeling and simulation, and provides a systematic solution for power system modeling and simulation problem in smart grid environment.
