感应式无线供电技术是以电磁感应现象为基础的一种电能传输方式。在化工、采矿等一些易燃易爆领域，以及植入式医疗设备中，由于工作环境和条件受到限制，常使用感应式无线供电代替传统的接触式能量传递方式传输能量。本文主要讨论感应式无线供电在植入式医疗设备中的设计和使用。由于目前国内外研究的植入式医疗设备的感应式供电，其使用背景和条件不同，导致发射和接收电感尺寸，间距，磁芯材料，负载阻抗等都各不相同。因此还没有形成统一的设计规范和设计方法。本文以变压器的T型等效模型为基础，建立了感应式无线供电模型，并通过实验验证模型的准确性。在此基础上，通过仿真和实验的方法，系统全面的分析了耦合模型中的等效负载阻抗、互感、频率、发射和接收电感等对能量传递效率的影响。在感应式供电系统的设计中，根据已建立的模型计算分析了发射和接收端漏电感补偿的方式对能量传递的影响。分别考虑发射和接收端的电路（如发射端放大电路，接收端整流电路）和电感参数（如发射和接收电感的匝数等）对耦合模型中参数（包括：等效负载阻抗、互感、频率、发射和接收电感等）的影响，进而研究这些参数对能量传递效率的影响；并提出在发射和接收端的电路拓扑以及电感参数的选择方法。根据前文提出的设计思路，设计了一种无线供电系统。体内电感为Φ6×10 mm的圆柱型电感，体外电感为Φ29×23 mm的圆柱型电感。当充电间距（1.5 cm）为接收电感直径2.5倍时，发射端电感上功率为1.8 W，在接收端获得的功率可达230 mW；能量传递效率达到12.8%。最后，将上述研究成果应用于植入式穴位电刺激器的能量供应设计。设计样机，工作频率为160 kHz，发射线圈为20匝直径35 mm的扁平空心线圈，接收线圈为130匝直径12 mm的扁平空心线圈。使用220 mAh锂电池，一次充电后可以连续稳定工作约8小时。对轴向和径向偏移均有较好的容差性，当轴线偏差小于5 cm，径向偏移小于8.5 cm时，输出脉冲幅度基本不变。通过动物实验证明设计的刺激器完全满足应用的要求。
Inductive coupling system based on the electromagnetic induction is widely used in wireless power supply. In the chemical industry, mining and other explosive situation, where major accidents will easily happen due to the exposure of wire; as well as implantable medical devices, because of the limitation of working environment and condition, instead of the current commonly used contacted energy transfer, inductive wireless power supply is applied to transfer energy. The backgrounds and conditions of inductive power supply system are different in various researches of implantable medical device, with diverse transmitting and receiving inductor, gap, core materials, the load impedance and so on; therefore there is no unified design specification and design method.In this paper, based on the T-equivalent transformer model usually used in electric transformator, the model of inductive wireless power transfer was set up which was verified by experiments. On this basis, the impact on coupling by parameters in the model (including: the equivalent load impedance, mutual inductance, frequency, transmitting and receiving inductors, etc.) was studied through simulation and experiment systematically and comprehensively.Considering the manner of transmitting and receiving leakage inductance compensation with the model has been established, the impact of energy transfer was studied. The circuits in transmitter and receiver (such as the transmitter amplifier, rectifier circuit in receiving end) and the parameters of inductance in both side influenced the coupled model parameters (including: the equivalent load impedance, mutual inductance, frequency, transmitting and receiving inductors, etc.), and furthermore influenced the efficiency of energy transfer. The influences were studied, and the transmitting and receiving circuits, as well as the inductance parameters, were suggested.A wireless energy transmission system was designed. The receiver inductance was a cylindrical inductor with Φ6 × 10 mm, and the transmitter inductance was a cylindrical inductor with Φ29 × 23 mm. The gap between transmitter and receiver was 1.5 cm which was 2.5 times of the receiver inductance’s diameter, the power on transmitter inductance was 1.8 W, and the received power was up to 230 mW, so the energy transfer efficiency was calculated to be 12.8%.Finally, implantable electroacupuncture stimulator —— an application of wireless inductive power supply was proposed. The prototype was designed, with the working frequency: of 160 kHz, using a 20-turn coil of diameter 35 mm flat transfermitter air coil with diameter of 35 mm and a 130-turn coil of diameter 12 mm flat receiver air coil with diameter of 12 mm, using 220 mAh Li-ion batteries. It can be working stably for about 8 hours after one charge, using a 220 mAh Li-ion battery. Tolerance of misalignment was large, and when the axial deviation was less then 5 cm, central offset was less then 8.5 cm, the amplitude of output pulse remain the same. Animal experiments verified the safety, effectiveness and reliability of this stimulator.
