2006年，中共中央召开中纪委第六次全会，中央政治局常委兼中纪委书记吴官正在工作报告中，三次提到了全国各地各种驻京办的腐败和治理问题，并首次将整顿驻京机构提高到关系反腐廉政的关键措施之一的高度。其后，中纪委决定将调查整顿驻京机构列为2006年重点任务之一。2005年底，国家审计暑审计长李金华在谈到对预算资金的审计监督时直言，各省市区﹑地级甚至县都在北京设立办事处，有的驻京办的目的就是“跑部钱进”。实际上，自2004年开始，中纪委已经计划在三年內完成对驻京机构的改革和整顿。2006年，国务院机关事务管理局配合中纪委成立调查组并研究制定一份驻京机构整顿方案，方案涉及各级政府驻北京办事处和大型国企驻京办事处的整顿与改革。尽管并未象媒体所预测的那样，五千余家政府驻京办事处面临半个世纪以来最大的一次生存危机，整顿和改革方案也未出台，但是一系列驻京机构现象的罗列无疑是驻京机构负面效应的凸显，对驻京机构的整顿和治理，无疑已成为媒体和舆论关注的焦点问题和社会热点问题，构成了对公共管理的严峻挑战。驻首都办事机构自古有之，中外有之。驻京办事机构至少应该从唐代中期开始算起，地方各藩镇在京城设“进奏院”。到公元981年后，宋朝的进奏院由中央统一管理。其后有明、清两朝的会馆，新中国成立后不同时期的驻京机构。世界上多数国家的地方政府在其首都也都设有办事机构，只是功能与作用上存在不同。为何现在我国地方政府的驻京机构却受到如此强烈的诟病和指责，原因何在?驻京办的职能作用是什么?是否有存在的合理性或应该存在?它的消极现象与现行政治经济体制有怎样的关联?如何规范驻京办的运作方式?整顿到何种程度?本研究将从驻京办的职能作用出发，客观分析其存在与现行政治经济体制的关系，透视驻京办现象后面的体制原因和社会的宏观背景，以体制存在的问题验证改革的必要性，并提出相应的改革建议，以期对公共管理体制改革有所裨益。

At the 6th National Congress of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection held in 2006， Wu Guan Zheng， the member of the Political Bureau's Standing Committee of the CPC Central Committee and the Secretary of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection mentioned 3 times in his report the problem of corruption and the administration of the Institutes in Beijing set by local government. And it’s the 1st time for him to put the rectification of the Institutes in Beijing to the level of a key step of anti-corruption. After the Congress, the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection was determined to take the investigating and rectifying the Institutes in Beijing as one of the main tasks in 2006.In the end of 2005, Li Jin Hua, the head of the National Audit Bureau said when he talked about the audit of budget，that all provinces，cities，even counties have set institutes in Beijing and the only purpose of some Institutes is to “Run the Ministries for money”. As a matter of fact，the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection planned in 2004 to finish the reform and rectification of the institutes in Beijing within 3 years. In 2006，Government Offices Administration Of the State Council cooperated with the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection in setting up an investigating group and working out a proposal for the rectification of the Institutes in Beijing. The proposal related to the reform and the rectification of the Institutes set by local government and large sized state-owned enterprises. Although it is not as the anticipation by the media that more than 5000 institutes in Beijing set by local governments are facing the biggest crisis of survival of the half century and the proposal of reform and rectification will come out，it is no doubt that the series of the phenomena of the institutes in Beijing have demonstrated their negative effects on Public Management, and it is beyond all doubt that the rectification and administration of the Institutes have become the focus of the media and the society. In the mean time, it has become a great challenge to Public Management.In fact, to set Institutes in the Capital started from ancient China. It also exists abroad. We can trace the Institutes back to Mid Tang Dynasty. All local provinces and counties set their “Jin Zou Yuan”, a kind of institutes in the Capital. In Song Dynasty， after A.D.981， all “Jin Zou Yuan” were governed by the Central Government. In Ming and Qing Dynasty, we had institutes called “Hui Guan”. We also had a lot of institutes in Beijing during different period after the New China was established.In the most of the foreign countries， their local government also set institutes in the Capitals. Of course the function may be different. But why our Institutes in Beijing now are blamed and criticized so much? What’s the function of the Institutes in Beijing? Are they reasonable or necessary? What’s the relationship between their negative phenomena and the existing political and economic system? How to normalize the running of the Institutes? How to re-organize them and to what extend? In this research， I will start from the function of the institutes in Beijing to analyze objectively the relationship between the Institutes and the political and economic system， see the phenomena of the Institutes in their perspective， analyze the factors of the system and the macro-background of the society， study the disadvantage of the system to prove the necessity of the reform and raise relevant proposal for reform in the hope of being helpful to the reform of Public Management system.