张资平是一位在二十世纪二、三十年代有过重要影响的作家，在他作品走红的年代，既有众多的读者拥虿，也曾受到多样的非议。长期以来，有关张资平及其作品的研究相对缺乏，研究成果不够丰富，研究视角也较为单一。本文通过对张资平早期性爱小说的审视，考察其中展现的性爱主题，分析作品受到的现代性爱观念的精神浸润，探讨“五四”时期性爱问题与启蒙思潮的关系。张资平的创作是以“五四”启蒙思潮为文化背景和思想根源的，本文首先要廓清张资平性爱书写的社会文化背景，客观呈现各种性爱问题的讨论状态，再基于对张资平小说文本的细读，考察这些问题对他的性爱作品产生的影响。同时张资平又通过文学创作的形式对时代思潮加以思考、回应，他的贡献在于打破了清初以降正统文学中的性爱禁忌，反叛旧的伦理道德，并尝试建立灵欲一致的现代性爱观念与新的性道德。同时张资平又思考了这一理想能否实现的问题，对现代性爱神话进行了质疑甚至否定，其原因在于，处于社会转型期的知识阶层，在新旧观念、新旧道德挤压下的彷徨和痛苦以及由此产生的无所适从。本文将张资平的性爱小说创作作为“五四”时期性爱书写现象的一个个案加以关注，并将视野扩展到启蒙思潮影响下的整个文学领域，探讨爱情、婚姻、性等问题之所以成为众多作家描写的主题，性爱书写成为那一时代较为普遍的文学现象的原因，即性爱问题与启蒙思潮的关系。性爱观念的游离变动在一定程度上反映着那个时代的启蒙境况。“五四”启蒙思潮中关于个体主体性的诉求，对现代性爱观念的确立有指向作用，现代性爱在某种程度上也成为启蒙运动展开的推动力量，是现代中国启蒙思潮的重要内涵之一。但不应忽略，现代性启蒙的过程中呈现出了一定的“泛性”倾向。一些启蒙者试图通过性的解放来达到个人的解放，甚至国家民族的解放，从而使现代性爱观念的建立承载着个人幸福与社会进化的双重诉求，背负起多重其力难以负荷的重担，从而也使现代性爱笼罩上一定的乌托邦色彩。文章最后考察了张资平走红现象与当时大众文化的关系，从一侧面反映了性爱思潮与社会文化之间的关系。
Zhang Ziping is one of the most influential authors in 1920s and 1930s in China. When he was most popular, he had not only the support from multitudinous reader’s but also severe criticism. For a long time, the study of Zhang Ziping and his works is inadequate and the points of view are simplex. This thesis tries to review the sexual themes occurred in those early sexual love novels written by Zhang Ziping, and analyzes the spirit infiltration of modern sex culture that impacts the modern sexual love works. It also analyzes the relationship between the sexual love themes and Chinese modern enlightenment during the “May 4th” period.Zhang Ziping took the “May 4th” modern enlightenment trend of thought as the cultural background of his novels. After describing the social and cultural background of Zhang Ziping’s love writing and presenting all kinds of issues that was discussed widely at that time, this paper tries to study how these issues influence his sexual love works through the analysis of Zhang Ziping’s early sexual love novels. Actually, Zhang Ziping made his own response to the enlightenment trend of thought by writing, and tried to build up the modern sexual concept which appealed for the unity of sexual love and spiritual love and new moral rules of sexual conduct. After that, Zhang Ziping thought about the feasibility of this kind of new concept and held a skeptical, or even negative attitude towards it, because people then living in a period of social transition had to suffer the pressure of not only the old concept and moral rules but also the new ones.Zhang Ziping’s sexual works is one example of the sexual love writing trend during the “May 4th” period. At that time, almost all the authors were talking about sexual issues such as love, marriage and sex, and sexual love writing became a prevailing phenomenon in literature area. This paper pays attention to the whole area of literature which is under the influence of enlightenment, and then discusses the relation between sexual love issues and the thoughts of enlightenment. The change of sexual concept could reflect the situation of enlightenment at that time. The thoughts of enlightenment reflect the subjective requirements of individuals and thus serve as a guide in building up the modern sexual concept. Modern sexual culture is part of the Chinese enlightenment trend, yet modern sexual enlightenment turns to be “pan-sexual” to some extent. The emancipation of sex was regarded as the means of the emancipation of man's individual character, or even the emancipation of the country. As a result, the modern sexual concept had to shoulder the pressure from the demand of both the happiness of people and the development of the society, which was much more than it could have done. This made the modern sexual concept seem more like a myth. The last part of this paper is about the relation between the popularity of Zhang Ziping and the popular culture at that time, which reflects the relation between sexual issues and the culture in the Chinese modern society.
