目前史学界有关术数史方面的研究才刚刚起步，其中较为成熟的是有关于天文、历法、以及以星占预测国家命运的部份，至于以术数推算个人禄命的学问最初如何起源、如何发展的早期情形，不免还有很多模糊混沌无法解明的地方。 中国古代的禄命、命理之学非常发达。八字推命术是中国禄命之学的一个非常重要的分支。八字推命术主要来源于两个方面，即占星术和五行学说。一般认为，八字推命术始于唐代的李虚中，宋代徐子平把推命术发展为“年、月、日、时”与干支的结合，成为真正意义上的八字，因此八字算命术也常被称为子平术，他也被后世奉为了八字之祖。 明代时皇帝对于方术极为推崇，一般士人也热衷于用命运、报应等想法来看待科举功名,在此形势下，明代推命术比前朝有了更大发展。万民英是明代嘉靖庚戌年间进士，然而他却穷其一生留下了两部命理学著作，一则《星学大成》，一则《三命通会》。 《三命通会》是明清时期非常著名的一部算命书籍，在中国算命史上占有一席之地，所引书目之多也非同类书籍可比，通过对《三命通会》及其所引文献的研究、对比，能够有助于我们进一步梳理出中国命理学发展的脉络及承继关系。 本文将从文献学的角度，对该书的引用文献情况以及该书与宋代《五行精纪》一书的关系做一些初步的讨论，通过这些讨论，找出万民英进士出身却穷尽一生写下两部命理学著作这一行为背后的动力与思想背景、社会原因，并希望通过对此的研究能够勾勒出当时明代社会一种普遍的信仰状况。
The study of Shushu in historiography begins in recent years. Since most study is on the augury of a nation’s fortune using the knowledge of astronomy, calendar, and horoscopy, the gipsy lore on individual fate based on Shushu is rarely mentioned. The question of how it begins and grows up is worthy of to be studied intensively. The augury on individual officialdom and fate in ancient China is rather popular, among which Bazi fortunetelling is a crucial branch. The Bazi fortunetelling comes of the lore of astrology and Wuxing. It is generally believed that Bazi fortunetelling starts from Li Xuzhong in Tang dynasty and developed by XU Ziping in Song dynasty. The latter combines Ganzhi with specific moment as year, month, day, and hour, which turns to eight elements in all. This invention made Xu Ziping as the forefather of Bazi fortunetelling; what’s more, Bazi fortunetelling is also named Ziping fortunetelling. The Emperors in Ming Dynasty highly canonized fangshu. The contemporary scholars were keen on looking on achievement in a perspective of fate and Nemesis. Therefore, fortunetelling had a remarkable progress in Ming Dynasty. Wan Minying is a scholar around AD1500, who wrote two famous fortunetelling books, Xing Xue Da Cheng and San Ming Tong Hui. San Ming Tong Hui, with an incomparable abundance in bibliography, is an unanimously important fortunetelling book not only in Ming and Qing Dynasty but throughout ancient China. The research of San Ming Tong Hui will hopefully be instructional importance to the study on the history of Chinese fortunetelling. With a philological view, this following essay will focus on the bibliography of San Ming Tong Hui as well as a comparison with the book Wu Xing Jing Ji in Song Dynasty. Besides, it study Wan Minying’s motive of writing, the ideaistic and social background, and outline a religious picture of the society in Ming Dynasty.
