可逆络合反应的萃取分离方法对于有机物稀溶液的分离具有高校性和高选择性。在此类工艺过程中。稀溶液中的待分离溶质与含有络合剂的萃取溶剂相接触形成络合物。并使其转移至萃取内，然后通过逆向反应使溶质得以回收，萃取溶剂循环使用。 本文以醋酸稀溶液为分离对象进行了几种萃取剂的比较，并通过系统的试验筛选出由胺类萃取剂，助溶剂和稀释组成的混合溶剂。试验结果表明，30wt%TOA(或7301）+20wt%正辛醇+50wt%煤油 可以提供较高的相平衡分配系数。它是较为理想的混合溶剂。 本文利用傅立叶红外光谱仪测定了溶质负载有机相的红外光谱，探讨并分析了稀醋酸分离提取过程的机理和萃合物结构，提出了TOA等胺类萃取剂分离稀醋酸工艺中存在着两种历程:离子结合成盐历程及氢键络合溶剂化历程。后者在稀溶液分离中的作用更为明显。 本文利用30wt%TOA (或7301）+20wt%正辛醇+50wt%煤油混合溶剂对1wt%稀醋酸的试验体系及实际体系进行了萃取分离的工艺可行性研究并获得了十分满意的结果。本文所进行的醋酸稀溶液萃取的估算为这一工艺的设备实施提供了有关的数据资料。

Separation process based on chemical complexation can have high capacities for polar organic dilute solution and high selectivities as well. In these process, contacted with aqueous solution, extractant reacts reversibly with the solute of interest. In a second part, the reversed reaction is carried out, the solute is recovered and extraction solvent is used cyclely. For acetic acid in dilute solution, several kinds of extractants are investigated and mixture solvents, combinating by amine, assistant solvent and diluent, are selected from experiments. It is showed that 30wtTOA(or7301)+20wt%OCTANOL+50wt%KEROSENE can give a large distribution coefficient. It is a kind of ideal mixture solvent. With the INFRAREO SPECTROGRAPH, the spectrums of organic phase containing solute are determined, the extraction mechanism of acetic acid dilute solution is studied and the structure of complexation is analysed. Meanwhile, ion association course and hydrogen bond complexation course were proposed in extraction of this system using amine extractants, such as TOA etc. compared the two kinds of courses, the latter is more obvious in separation of dilute solution. For extraction of acetic acid solution, technological feasibility is worked out with 30wt%TOA(or 7301) +20wt%OCTANOL +50wt%KEROSENE mixture solvent. The result is satisfactory. By the way ,estimation of extraction column of this system gives the related data for design of equipme